Raghad Alqatu

Israeli plans for West Bank and Gaza Allon Plan 1967, Drobles Plan 1978, Sharon Plan- Drobles 1967 Allon Allon plan Master Plan for Settlement Development in Judea and Samaria 1978 sharon 1981 sharon Areas vital to the security of the Israelis The Israeli disengagement from Gaza 2003 01. Allon plan Allon plan 1967 Launched by the former Israeli Minister of Labor, Yigal Allon The Project Aims to: A- Security borders between Israel and Jordan. C- The “historical right” of the Israeli people to the Land. D- Separating the Palestinian Populations from their Arab and Islamic surroundings The main features of the plan were: 1. Military control of the West Bank 2. Achieving security for the occupation so that the Jordan River is on the eastern border 3. Securing the entrances to Jerusalem 4. The Palestinians are given control of three densely populated enclaves and linked by interconnecting roads. What did Alon's plan recommend? building settlement blocs, instead of isolated Israeli outposts. Where was it built? Along the eastern and western sides of the Samaritan Hills. around Jerusalem Jordan crack Israeli outposts settlement bloc 02. Drobles plan Master Plan for Settlement Development in Judea and Samaria,- PLAN DROBLES- The settlement project directed the Likud settlement policies until 1983 AD. It presented by Matityahu Droblis (Head of the Settlement Department in the Zionist Organization), in 1978 AD. It aimed to: 1- establish about (70) civil community settlements in the West Bank during 13 years - AD) 2- rate of 12-15 settlements annually. 3- increase and intensify the existing settlements, so that the number of settlers would reach 120-150 thousand. Vision "life among the minorities" MAIN PURPOSE ❖ “Reducing the risk of the establishment of another Arab state in the region” through the Judaization and integration of the West Bank into Israel ❖ Establishment of a dense chain of settlements along the mountain range extending from Nablus to Hebron ❖ Translating Israel's control over the Palestinian territories into a Jewish demographic geographical reality. Plan Features ★ ★ ★ 01. 02. Encirclement and fragmentation of Palestinian communities Community Settlement build settlements in and around the Palestinian territories. construction of settlements between the Arab areas Settlement blocs, are to be built along the eastern and western sides of the Samaritan Hills ★ ★ ★ Institutionalizing community-type settlements (communal suburb type) The residences were envisioned as suburban commuter housing that would attract white-collar urban dwellers working in the urban areas of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. concentrated along the mountain range and in the heart of Palestinian communities in the West Bank 03. 04. urbanizing settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip The Israeli bypass road system ★ ★ ★ Develop a full set of infrastructure and roads connecting the settlements with each other and with urban poles of Israel (estimated to total 288 kilometers by 1986) ★ Divided the West Bank into fragmented Palestinian areas The 1967 geographical borders between Israel and the West Bank and Gaza Strip were increasingly eroded. ★ incorporation of West Bank settlements into the urban areas of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv. A departure from the Zionist settlement pattern between 1948 and 1977 Blocks 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 17 7 8 13 12 14 16 15 18 19 22 21 20 -. Reihan North samaria West Shavei Shomron Salfit Kedumim Tirza Elon Moreh Karnei Shomron Ariel Halamish 12. Shilo 13. Jordan Valley 14. BEIT El 15. Ma’ale Adumim 16. Givon 17. Modim 18. Gush Etzion 19. Judean Desert 20. North Dead Sea 21. Yatir Bloc 22. Mount Hebron 70 Civil community settlements 12-15 Settlements annually - settlers Settlement of the north west bank Settlement of the south west bank Settlement of the east west bank ● Blocks control arterial roads, hills and water sources ● The disintegration of the Palestinian demographic contiguity. ● Cities are wrapped ● Settlements control of the western-eastern corridors leading to the Jordan rift has paralyzed Palestinian communications in a design designed to exclude forever any kind of autonomy in the Occupied Palestinian Territory 03. Sharon plan Areas vital to the security of the Israelis 1981 AD, The Israeli disengagement from Gaza- AD Sharon Plan “Areas vital to the security of the Israelis” 1981 ● fragment the Palestinian demographic ● planning the western settlement blocs into Palestinian communities of no more than 100,000 inhabitants. ● The two plans challenge the form that initially causes overpopulation ● It provided the basis for the activities of the Ministry of Agriculture. Sharon Plan “The Israeli disengagement from Gaza- ● The unilateral dismantling in 2005 of 21 Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and the evacuation of Israeli settlers and the army from inside the Gaza Strip ● ● ● Disengagement was proposed in 2003 by Prime Minister Ariel Sharon adopted by the government in June 2004 approved by the Knesset in February 2005 as the law implementing the disengagement plan ‘’ ● It aims to ● Freezing the peace process ● Maintaining a Jewish majority in areas under Israeli control Evacuated: 21 settlements in Gaza 4 settlements in the West Bank Plan aims to improve Israel's security and international standing - araiel sharon Under the revised disengagement plan 01. 02. The IDF was supposed to remain on the Gaza-Egypt border Israel will continue to control Gaza's coast and airspace and reserves the right to launch military operations when necessary. The agreements reached, according to Condoleezza Rice 04. The Palestinian authorities have complete control over the exits and entrances to their territories. 05. The both parties to the agreement will modernize and expand the crossings to facilitate the movement of people and goods between Israel, Gaza and the West 03. Egypt will control the Gaza border with Egypt. The disengagement will not end Israel's legal responsibility as the occupying power in Gaza. 06. Palestinians will be allowed to use convoys of buses and trucks to travel between Gaza and the West Bank, Obstacles to movement in the West Bank will be lifted. 07. Establishment of a Palestinian sea port on the coast of Gaza. ● ● ● ● ● ● Settlers who refused to accept government compensation packages and voluntarily vacated their homes before the August 15, 2005 deadline were expelled by Israeli security forces over several days. The evacuation of all residents, the demolition of residential buildings, and the evacuation of security personnel from the Gaza Strip was completed by 12 September 2005. Ten days later, the evacuation and dismantling of four settlements in the northern West Bank was completed. 8,000 Jewish settlers were relocated from 21 settlements in the Gaza Strip. The settlers received an average of more than $200,000 in compensation per family. [ The Gaza Strip is still under Israeli military occupation. After withdrawal: ● ● ● ● Israel maintained direct control of Gaza's air and sea space, and six of the seven land crossings into Gaza It maintains a buffer zone within the sector It controls the Palestinian population registry Gaza still depends on Israel for water, electricity, telecommunications, and other utilities. References g.mitchell, t. (2013). Israel/Palestine and the Politics of a Two-State Solution. the Oakland inistitutinal. (2017). ALESTINE: FOR LAND AND LIFE. ‫مشروع ألون‬. (n.d.). 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