Naveen Qaiser

Herpes Simplex Introduction: Herpes Simplex is the viral Infectious disease. Two types of the Herpes simplex virus are involved in causing this disease. HSV-1 and HSV-2 . HSV-1 is involved in causing most of the common sores which may include mouth herpes, oral herpes and herpes simplex labialis. HSV-2 is involved in causing mostly genital herpes. Whereas we can say that both are main causes of disease state of Herpes simplex. These virus can be directly spread from person to person by contact. HSV-1: This type of virus is generally known as for causing infections of mouth. Symptoms of this include the appearance of small bristles and watery clusters on the skin surface usually visible around lips and on face. It usually takes 6 to 10 days to recover after the onset of the infection. But in some cases can become severe lesions usually called secondary infection. Transmission of HSV-1: Infection of Herpes simplex type 1 can be developed by simple contact and by general interactions like eating by same utensil. using same lip bam. Sexual activity can is also a cause of spread of herpes simplex. Pathophysiology of HSV-1: HSV-1 gets entry in human body through contact.. it is mostly transferred through oral to oral contact . when it gets entry in human body it causes the primary infection by developing the inflammation on the skin. Following primary infection the virus enters the latent phase by migrating to the neurons. In this phase the virus produces noncoding strands of RNA . these cleave themselves to the shorter strands usually called as Micro RNA. These micro RNA inhibits the cellular production of the proteins that causes the activation of more viruses. And leading to the appearance of lesions on the skin. Signs and Symptoms: It is mostly asymptomatic. Mostly of the patients are unaware of the disease that they are suffering from herpes simplex. Some symptoms include like painful sores, open bristle called ulcers around the mouth, tingling, itching sensations are usually observed at the infected area. Burning sensation is usually associated with the herpes simplex infection around the lips causing irritation in talking and eating anything. The bristles can reoccur from time to time if the viral attack reactivates to grow. This reoccurrence varies from person to person. Diagnosis: Appearance of the herpes simplex is usually typical it does not need any verification. But to confirm the herpes disease tests like Lab tests like virus culture and PCR are performed. Treatment: The treatment of HSV-1 viral infection is usually associated with the use of the anti-viral drugs that are acyclovir, famciclovir and valacyclovir . These are most effective medications that are used for the treatment of Herpes simplex viral infection. This medication is use to reduce the severity of the symptoms of the disease but is not used as the cure of the disease. The cure of the disease is still unknown and is in high research lights to know the better cure of the herpes disease. HSV-2: This infection is the wide spread infection throughout world. And is usually spread by the sexual contacts with the carrier of the virus. It is life long and is incurable. And is the major cause of the Genital herpes disease. This disease is mostly found in neonates and is lifelong. That is they are carrying it throughout their lives. Symptoms: It is usually asymptomatic. And causes appearance of the ulceration on the skin surface. Also causes fever and shivers. Treatment: Treatment is same as that of HSV-1 virus. Prevention: It be prevented by following ways: 1: Don’t contact directly with the herpes simplex patient. 2: Don’t share any lip bam or any cosmetics product of any patient. 3; Avoid sexual relationship with the patient. 4: try to be punctual in use of the medications for the lowering the appearance of the symptoms of the disease. 5: Extra care should be provided in case of pregnant women as the disease can be transferred to be baby fetus. The virus can cross the placenta n infect the baby. For such cases much more care in being punctual for use of medications is necessary. Typical presentation and epidemiology: Age: Talking about age group we found that the children are mostly more infected by herpes Simplex virus when they come in contact with the infected adults. Gender: On basis of the gender we came to know that both the genders are equally infected by this virus. But the reoccurrence of this disease is usually more observed in the female gender. Male body produces antibodies against the virus and prohibits the reoccurrence of the disease in 50 percent cases. Ethnicity: Talking about the ethnicity of the disease, we came to know by the survey that the higher percentage of black females were infected by the disease as compared to the white females. By comparing the ratio of the males and females we came to know that annually more females are infected by the disease than that of males. Ratio observed was 49 percent black females to 18 percent black males.