Manjit Kumar

01:00:00 TITLE SEQUENCE 01:00:01 Narrator - Josh Gates In Central India a sacred lake could hold a connection between human and alien life. 01:00:08 Narrator - Josh Gates While on Spain's Northern border a train station is a nexus for smuggling Nazi secrets. 01:00:16 Narrator - Narrator And a remote California forest could be hiding the world's most elusive beast. 01:00:23 Narrator - Narrator Join me on a journey to these and other fabled places where scratching beyond the surface reveals the treasure or the terror that lurks within. 01:00:34 Josh Gates I'm Josh Gates. I've traveled millions of miles and explored over 100 countries. 01:00:43 Josh Gates (Archive) The whole wall is literally disintegrating. It's collapsing. 01:00:47 Josh Gates And my favorite destinations have epic tales to tell. 01:00:54 Josh Gates These are the stories and the secrets of those Legendary Locations. 01:00:57 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: LEGENDARY LOCATIONS 01:01:04 Josh Gates Sometimes you have to travel far to find places where unspeakable tragedies have happened. Other times they happen right in your own back yard. In West Virginia an insane asylum in the heart of a small town became a grisly house of pain and terror where a sadistic doctor literally made patients lose their minds. 01:01:15 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: WESTON, WV 01:01:23 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 39.0388°N 80.4719°W ICEPICK ASYLUM 01:01:29 Narrator - Josh Gates Situated on the Appalachian Plateau Weston, West Virginia is your typical rural American town. That is if your typical town has an insane asylum notorious for some of the most heinous medical procedures in history. Standing on 666 acres the imposing Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum is the largest hand cut stone masonry building in North America. When it opened in 1864 the original owners wanted to run a progressive facility that treated psychiatric patients humanely. But conditions quickly deteriorated. And then bizarre, inhumane treatments changed everything. 01:01:31 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: WEST VIRGINIA WESTON 01:02:22 Narrator - Josh Gates Rebecca Jordan Gleason's family purchased the property in 2007 with the intention to restore the structure to its original state. 01:02:23 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: REBECCA JORDAN GLEASON OPERATIONS MANAGER 01:02:31 Rebecca Jordan Gleason It was built with several wards that notch back to give each patient plenty of sunshine and they believed that sunshine was actually a very curative effect for the mentally ill. 01:02:42 Narrator - Josh Gates At 242,000 sq ft the asylum was meant to comfortably house 250 patients. By 1880, before all the buildings were even finished the hospital already held 700. 01:02:51 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 1880 01:02:57 Josh Gates It's not hard to see how it got so crowded. Official records show more than 80 reasons why people were allowed to be committed. They ranged from laziness and asthma to indigestion and politics. Boy, I would have been in trouble. On top of that the asylum actually offered money to anyone who dropped off a patient. 01:03:17 Narrator - Josh Gates Not only are multiple patients crammed into each room, they don't even have their own beds. And dozens of patients share a single toilet leading researchers to suspect that conditions inside the asylum actually made patients sicker. 01:03:34 Narrator - Josh Gates By the early 1950's there were 2,600 patients in the asylum. One of them was Bertha Clevenger. An unmarried woman who was admitted by her family. 01:03:48 Rebecca Jordan Gleason Bertha Clevenger was a patient that was admitted here in 1954. It appears she may have been schizophrenic. She went through several different treatments during her six month stay. 01:04:02 Rebecca Jordan Gleason First would be hydrotherapy. Basically they would grab a patient in sheets and put them into a tub. And they would submerge them. 50° water would circulate around the patient, basically putting them into a hyperthermic shock. 01:04:21 Narrator - Josh Gates Other patients were changed to the walls and locked in tiny cages for hours, even days. But none of these techniques worked to calm Bertha's outbursts so the orderlies turned to an old stand by... electroshock therapy. 01:04:42 Rebecca Jordan Gleason With electroshock therapy they had no idea how much electric shock to actually give the patient. So often times it would put them into convulsions and break bones and bruise the patient. 01:04:58 Narrator - Josh Gates Within days Bertha is inconsolable again. She's hit rock bottom or so she thinks. The asylum staff has tried everything in the psychotherapy handbook of the day but nothing has cured her schizophrenia. That means it's now time for a promising, yet controversial procedure performed by their top doctor, Walter Freeman. 01:05:20 Narrator - Josh Gates In the early 1950's Freeman traveled around the U.S. from hospital to hospital offering up his unique brand of mental health services. He called this tour of treachery Operation Icepick. You'll see why in just a minute. 01:05:34 Narrator - Josh Gates Freeman arrives at the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum with claims that he's helped develop a miracle cure for mental illness. It's called the prefrontal leucotomy or lobotomy. And Freeman brought it to America from Portugal where it was pioneered by a Nobel prize winning neurologist. A lobotomy is a procedure that severs connections in the brain's pre front cortex. Freeman says it cures depression, schizophrenia and other maladies. It also often erased patient's personalities and intellect. But he believed you have to take the good with the bad. Between 1952 and 1955 about 800 patients in West Virginia received lobotomies. Freeman performed many of these surgeries himself using the tool he considered most effective, an icepick. 01:06:34 Rebecca Jordan Gleason Walter Freeman was considered a showman. He would often perform these lobotomies in huge theaters. He was also known for never washing his hands and he would often times not wear gloves or any type of a face mask or anything while he was performing these operations. 01:06:55 Josh Gates The results of his revolutionary, if somewhat unsanitary procedure, were mixed to say the least. Some patients recovered. Many were left in a vegetative state and 17%, well they died shortly after. But even those who recovered had to be retaught basic skills. 01:07:15 Narrator - Josh Gates Despite Bertha's protests the nurses wheel her into Freeman's operating room. Freeman hammers the pick through Bertha's head just above her eyeball. Then he wiggles it back and forth. 01:07:44 Narrator - Josh Gates Bertha Clevenger dies a month later from encephalitis, inflammation of the brain. 01:07:53 Rebecca Jordan Gleason In 1954 lobotomy and a lot of these different kind of procedures were actually phased out. Now we have psychotropic drugs to actually combat those symptoms. 01:08:05 Josh Gates Freeman continued to practice until 1967 when a patient died on his operating table and he was finally stripped of his license. Today he's mostly remembered for the lives he destroyed. 01:08:19 Narrator - Josh Gates The Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum officially closed in 1994 and was purchased by Rebecca's family 13 years later. They hope to restore the facility without completely erasing its tragic past. 01:08:36 Rebecca Jordan Gleason The things that happened in this facility people need to remember. If we don't remember then we're doomed to repeat it. 01:08:48 Josh Gates From the mountains of West Virginia we next travel 3,700 miles to the mountains of Northern Spain, where there's one but two places that might have hidden Christianity's most sacred relic The Holy Grail. We'll visit a castle and a gold mine and tell the tale of the Grail's guardians who met their demise at the hands of a greedy king. But you've heard that old saying, "Karmas a real...", well you know. 01:09:16 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 42.5570°N 6.5083°W KNIGHT SHIFT 01:09:21 Narrator - Josh Gates 200 miles North West of Spain's capital there's a bizarre moonscape of rust colored cliffs and peaks know as Las Medulas. This may look like nature's geologic handy work but a lot of it is actually man made scarring that resulted from an epic engineering project. 01:09:27 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: SPAIN LAS MEDULAS 01:09:41 Narrator - Josh Gates 2,000 years ago the ancient Romans splintered these hills in search of gold, creating the largest goldmine in the world. From the maze of tunnels 60,000 slaves laboring for two and a half centuries extracted over 1.7 million lbs of gold. 01:09:59 Narrator - Josh Gates After the fall of Rome in the mid 5th century Las Medulas was abandoned. But some researchers believe that in the Middle Ages control of the mine may have passed to the powerful men of this nearby castle. 01:10:16 Narrator - Josh Gates This is the castle of the Templars of Ponferrada. The regional headquarters of an elite order of warrior monks you may have heard of, the Knights Templar. Legend says that the Knights not only resumed mining operations at Las Medulas but also used its labyrinth of chambers as a hiding place... for the Holy Grail. 01:10:44 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 12TH CENTURY 01:10:45 Narrator - Josh Gates It's the 12th century. A group of fierce fighters with an allegiance to no-one but God vows to protect all Christian pilgrims and strongholds. Known as the Knights Templar they embark on a series of religious wars they call The Crusades. 01:11:05 Narrator - Josh Gates Through donations from the devout the Knights amass a vast financial empire which they protect in one of history's first banking and credit systems. Belief persists that during their travels to the Holy Land the Knights might have unearthed the Holy Grail and secretly brought it back to Spain. 01:11:25 Break 1 01:11:35 Ana Elvira Garcia [FOREIGN DIALOGUE] 01:11:35 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: ANA ELVIRA GARCIA TOUR GUIDE 01:11:36 Translation for Ana Elvira Garcia We're at the Ponferrada Templars castle, one of the most remote Templars fortresses. It was a secluded place and it could have been considered a good location to temporarily keep the relic until they found the perfect permanent hiding place, which would have likely been close by. 01:11:53 Narrator - Josh Gates The Las Medulas goldmine is just ten miles away. Ana believes that if the Knights Templar were mining there they would have considered this the ideal hiding spot for Christianity's most sacred relic, a hiding spot they could easily guard. 01:12:09 Ana Elvira Garcia [FOREIGN DIALOGUE] 01:12:11 Translation for Ana Elvira Garcia If the Knights Templar wanted to hide the Holy Grail here they had multiple options of places to put it. The Romans extracted gold by excavating very large tunnels like the one you see behind me. They used tons of water to break the mountains. It was a very destructive technique that created lots of good secret spots to hide something small. 01:12:34 Narrator - Josh Gates But even if the Knights Templar used these tunnels to successfully stash the Grail the relic's fate falls into jeopardy when the Crusaders go from heroes to hunted. 01:12:47 Narrator - Josh Gates In 1307, despite the Knights' most valiant efforts the Crusades are lost. They did, however, manage to amass a fortune. Meanwhile the bank accounts of the monarchs have run dry which forces them to borrow from the Knights. King Philip IV of France finds himself deep in their debt but doesn't want to pay up. His solution is as simple as it is ruthless. Instead of writing them a 01:13:15 Narrator - Josh Gates medieval equivalent of a check he writes out an arrest warrant. He imprisons the Orders top brass, including its Grand Master Jacques de Molay, on a trumped up charge of heresy. The big finish is de Molay's public execution in 1314. He burns at the stake and legend holds that as the flames consume him De Molay hisses a death curse at the king. 01:13:44 Josh Gates Come on, you know how these things work. That curse is totally going to come true. But wait until you hear how. 01:13:52 Narrator - Josh Gates According to legend as de Molay takes his last breath he spits out a curse aimed at the king and his descendants. Eight months later, in a forest in France, while Philip enjoys a hunting trip, fate puts him in the cross-hairs. 01:14:12 Josh Gates The king suffers a massive stroke and if that's not enough reason to beware of a Holy Knight's vow of revenge every one of Philip's male heirs meets his own untimely end within a decade. Essentially putting the kibosh on his royal bloodline. 01:14:27 Narrator - Josh Gates As for the ultimate fate of the Holy Grail, who knows? If the Knights Templar really did bring it to this remote castle and eventually hid it somewhere in the Las Medulas goldmine no trace of it has ever been found. 01:14:44 Ana Elvira Garcia [FOREIGN DIALOGUE] 01:14:45 Translation for Ana Elvira Garcia When they were being wiped out the Templars were forced to move around a lot. If they had the Grail they would have taken it with them to their next location or maybe it was never here at all. We do not definitively know. Perhaps it's still out there waiting for someone to discover it? 01:15:04 Narrator - Josh Gates I'd say the body of evidence here is more tease than tangible but I love entertaining the possibility that this magnificent setting may have once been the repository of history's most legendary relic. 01:15:20 Josh Gates From Spain we travel 5,400 miles to the West, deep in the forests of Northern California. Near the quiet mountain town of Willow Creek is where two friends captured images of a hairy, bipedal, ape like creature that you might know as Bigfoot. Some believe it was a ground breaking scientific discovery and others a legendary hoax. But no matter what you believe it is the place where a local folk story turned into an international obsession. 01:15:28 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: WILLOW CREEK, CA 01:15:48 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 409396°N-°W BIGFOOT'S BACKYARD 01:15:54 Narrator - Josh Gates 230 miles North West of San Francisco Willow Creek, California is a quiet town with a hair raising nickname, the Bigfoot capital of the world. So called because there have been more than 430 reported sightings of the creature in this area. 01:15:55 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: CALIFORNIA WILLOW CREEK 01:16:15 Richard Stenger Right now we're in Willow Creek standing before the world famous Bigfoot Museum. It's Ground Zero for Bigfoot and also Ground Zero for Bigfoot believers. 01:16:16 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: RICHARD STENGER HUMBOLOT BIGFOOT RESEARCHER 01:16:26 Narrator - Josh Gates While it is picturesque the area around Willow Creek was hardly a legendary location. That is until Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin came along on October 20th, 1967. And made what is now known as the Patterson-Gimlin film. 01:16:39 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 1967 01:16:50 Richard Stenger It starts as Roger Patterson, a cowboy from Eastern Washington and an early Bigfoot fanatic. One day Patterson bumps into an old friend, Bob Gimlin. He shows him a Bigfoot print and he tells him tales of all the sightings, trying to turn him into a believer. Bob Gimlin is just not buying it. 01:17:09 Narrator - Josh Gates Patterson tells Gimlin he read a story in the newspaper about possible Bigfoot prints potted along a logging road in a remote area in California. He asks Gimlin to join him on a trek through Six Rivers National Forest, to search for evidence that Bigfoot is out there. Gimlin is skeptical but the trip sounds like fun so he agrees to go. Armed with a rented film camera the two men set off into the wilderness. 01:17:37 Break 2 01:17:47 Richard Stenger This is where it happened. This is Bluff Creek. They'd been traveling several days in the National Forest about 50 miles North of Willow Creek. This is the middle of nowhere. 01:17:57 Narrator - Josh Gates According to their account the men approach a bend in a creek when out of nowhere they see what they think could be the creature. Patterson is understandably startled. But quickly recovers and grabs the camera from his bag. He rushes across a rocky riverbed in the direction of what he saw. Patterson stops about 100 ft away from something and kneels with his camera. He shoots an entire roll of film. Then the two men watch the creature walk off into the trees and disappear. 01:18:29 Richard Stenger And just like that it was gone. And the only thing left afterwards was a foul, skunky smell which was evidence that this was not a hoax but a Bigfoot. 01:18:39 Narrator - Josh Gates Whatever it was the footage that Patterson and Gimlin brought back from the forest has spawned decades of debate. 01:18:46 Josh Gates Those searching for the truth behind this controversial amateur film often look to that single most iconic image captured in frame 352. 01:18:57 Richard Stenger That one image should be enough to make anyone a Bigfoot believer. Look at the shape of that muscle. You can't fake that with padding. Look at the consistency of the fur. This is the real deal. 01:19:08 Josh Gates Maybe. But the plot sure does thicken when in 2002 a costume maker comes forward claiming he made the suit for Roger Patterson, though there's no real evidence to substantiate his story. 01:19:21 Josh Gates So is it all a hoax or not? Well, often lost in the debate is one King Kong sized detail about Patterson and Gimlin's expedition. They didn't just shoot film. They claimed to bring back physical evidence. 01:19:36 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: CALIFORNIA WILLOW CREEK 01:19:36 Narrator - Josh Gates The wilderness just North of the mountain town of Willow Creek, California is home top perhaps the most documented and controversial Bigfoot sighting in history. 01:19:46 Narrator - Josh Gates And while experts love to argue about the validity of the images captured by the Patterson-Gimlin film many overlook the other major piece of purported evidence from that day. After the creature disappears into the woods the men claim to find a pristine footprint that it conveniently left behind and they make a cast of it. 01:20:07 Richard Stenger The footprint they brought back is exceptional. It shows a heel strike where the Bigfoot dig its foot into the soft soil and there's a distinct pressure ridge that rolled to the front of the foot. You can't fake that. 01:20:21 Narrator - Josh Gates Of course there are skeptics. Many believe that Roger Patterson concocted the film as a money making endeavor and to that end he was successful, creating a revenue stream that keeps on giving to this day. 01:20:35 Josh Gates In the years after their fateful trip financial disagreements end the friendship between Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin. But in 1972, as Patterson lies on his deathbed, his old friend pays him a visit and they bury the hatchet. 01:20:53 Narrator - Josh Gates Willow Creek remains a hotbed of Bigfoot sightings and really leans into its brand with a museum and festivals dedicated to the big hairy biped that put the town on the map. 01:21:09 Josh Gates From a place in California that harbors a legendary beast we travel to Canfranc, Spain, a spot at the center of a battle against a very real enemy. In the 1940's there was a train station whose location on the border of Nazi occupied France made it the ideal setting for an allied spy operation. It was led by a mild mannered customs clerk who risked his life hoping to give the allies the edge they needed in the most critical hours of World War II. 01:21:13 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: CANFRANC 01:21:37 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 42.7513°N 0.5140°W STATION OF SPIES 01:21:42 Narrator - Josh Gates The Pyrenees mountains run along the border that separate Spain and France. Nearly 4,000 ft up on the Spanish side rests Canfranc. A region of about 500 residents. Believe it or not this tiny town is home to what used to be one of the largest train depots in Europe. The Canfranc International Railway Station which operated from 1928 to 1970. 01:21:51 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: SPAIN CANFRANC 01:22:21 Narrator - Josh Gates Today it lies deserted. But in its heyday it was the hub or a crucial rail line linking Paris and Madrid. And in the months leading up to D-Day it was also the gateway for passing secret information that might have paved the way for allied victory. 01:22:43 Narrator - Josh Gates The year is 1940. Spain has entered into an agreement allowing the Nazis to operate the Canfranc station which they run like a well oiled machine. Frenchman Albert Le Lay is a customs officer and appears to be a compliant employee. Only he's not. He's secretly a member of the French Resistance. 01:22:44 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 1940 01:23:07 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: FERNANDO SÁNCHEZ MAYOR, CANFRANC 01:23:07 Fernando Sánchez [FOREIGN DIALOGUE] 01:23:08 Translation for Fernando Sánchez This was Albert Le Lay's battlefield. He asked the Resistance to join them as a soldier but the Resistance told him to stay at Canfranc Station which would be much more useful. 01:23:19 Narrator - Josh Gates Le Lay makes it his mission to outwit the Nazis at every turn. Throughout the war he assists hundreds of Jewish refugees fleeing occupied France by smuggling them through the station and into Spain. His efforts will one day earn him comparisons to Oskar Schindler, the German industrialist who saved 1,200 Jews from certain death. One of the keys to Le Lay's successful operation is the railway station's size. It's main building stretches the length of two football fields and there's no shortage of hiding places for refugees waiting to change trains. 01:23:56 Fernando Sánchez [FOREIGN DIALOGUE] 01:23:57 Translation for Fernando Sánchez As you can see this station is huge. Over 650 ft long. 365 windows. Over 150 doors plus underground galleries. Le Lay knew every nook and cranny of the station perfectly and was easily able to hide the Jewish fugitives here. 01:24:17 Narrator - Josh Gates Le Lay's clandestine operation is fraught with danger. If he's caught he may not live to see another sunrise. And his life isn't the only one on the line. He has a family and knows they would also pay for his deceptions. One missed step could destroy them all. 01:24:39 Break 3 01:24:53 Narrator - Josh Gates Spain's legendary Canfranc Railway Station sits abandoned in the Pyrenees mountains. During World War II French Resistance fighter, Albert Le Lay uses the train depot to help Jews escape from Nazi occupied France. But it turns out that's not all he's smuggling out. By 1943 Le Lay is also spearheading an effort to smuggle information about the massive network of defenses the Germans are building on France's northern coast. 01:24:53 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: SPAIN CANFRANC 01:25:28 Narrator - Josh Gates Resistance couriers arrive on trains from France with the latest intelligence. Le Lay must retrieve the documents and photos that the couriers have hidden in various places around the station. Then slip them to agents boarding trains deeper into Spain. All without being detected. 01:25:48 Fernando Sánchez [FOREIGN DIALOGUE] 01:25:50 Translation for Fernando Sánchez At the border the passengers had to change from the Nazi French trains to Spanish trains causing a lot of commotion. It was in those chaotic moments that Le Lay and his team smuggled the documents that went from Canfranc to Spain and on to London. 01:26:07 Narrator - Josh Gates Le Lay's covert operation at Canfranc proceeds without a hitch for months. He and his collaborators manage to dodge every potential bullet and maintain the flow of intelligence from occupied France into England. Their work proves invaluable the following year. But in November of 1943 Le Lay is tipped off that his operation has been compromised. The jig is up. The Nazis are coming for him and his family and they will certainly show no mercy. Thanks to Le Lay's connections however the family is able to flee Canfranc and make their way to Algeria, where they remained for the duration of the war. 01:26:52 Josh Gates After the allied victory France's President, Charles de Gaulle, offered Le Lay a position in the French government. Albert thanked him but said no. Instead he returned to his old job at the train station telling anyone who called him a hero that he simply did what he had to do. 01:27:10 Narrator - Josh Gates Canfranc Station was closed in 1970. Most travelers now cross the Pyrenees between Spain and France by car. But the station just might find new life as the town's Mayor leads an effort to transform it into a luxury hotel. The hotel will honor the station's dramatic history so future generations can learn about those who risked their lives here fighting for freedom. 01:27:39 Josh Gates Investigating abandoned structures can reveal a lot about our history and 2,300 miles to the South East in Egypt it wasn't a train station but a temple that was left abandoned and obscured for centuries by the sands of time. Thankfully it was unearthed but then endangered all over again. So engineers had to literally move it or lose it. 01:28:02 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 22.3372°N 31.6258°E MOVING A MOUNTAIN 01:28:09 Narrator - Josh Gates 530 miles from Cairo Egypt's Southern Desert is a baron expanse of sand and cliff formations rising above the Nile River. In ancient times this region was called Nubia. The Egyptians built imposing monuments here including the colossal towering temples of Abu Simbel. 01:28:29 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: EGYPT ABU SIMBEL 01:28:34 Narrator - Josh Gates After the fall of the Egyptian Empire Abu Simbel was buried in the desert sands for nearly 2,500 years. That is until the year 1817 when, according to legend, Italian circus strongman turned explorer Giovanni Belzoni comes to the Nubian Plain looking to get rich. He's heard tales from another explorer about lost temples in this part of Egypt and he's hoping those temples are filled with treasure. 01:28:43 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 1817 01:29:05 Narrator - Josh Gates Belzoni has had some luck finding valuable antiquities in the past. But he thinks he may have truly struck gold when he meets a boy who claims to know the location of the hidden temples. Sure not exactly the most authoritative source but Belzoni has nothing to lose. The story says the boy leads Belzoni to an ordinary looking plot of land and tells him to start digging. With anticipation Belzoni digs and digs until finally reaching a stone slab hidden beneath the sand. And what lies under it is their first glimpse of an ancient temple complex that will become known as Abu Simbel. 01:29:49 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: DR. ABD EL MONE'M SAID HISTORIAN 01:29:49 Narrator - Josh Gates Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said has studied Abu Simbel extensively. 01:29:56 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said It took thousands of men 20 years to build Abu Simbel. 01:29:57 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] It took thousands of men 20 years 01:29:59 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] to build Abu Simbel. 01:30:00 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] You imagine 01:30:00 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said You imagine two generations of Americans building the Empire State Building and then you begin to understand what a huge undertaking this was. 01:30:02 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] two generations of Americans building 01:30:04 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] Empire State Building 01:30:07 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] and then you begin to understand 01:30:09 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] what a huge undertaking this was. 01:30:13 Narrator - Josh Gates The temples were built by one of the most powerful Pharaohs that ever lived Rameses II. During his reign which began in 1279 BCE he fought wars throughout the Middle East and then set his sights on Africa. 01:30:28 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said Rameses built Abu Simbel to warn his Nubian neighbors that his power and his military strengths extended all of the way up the Nile. 01:30:28 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] Rameses built Abu Simbel 01:30:31 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] to warn his Nubian neighbors 01:30:34 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] that his power 01:30:36 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] and his military strengths 01:30:37 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] extended 01:30:38 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] all of the way up the Nile. 01:30:41 Narrator - Josh Gates To underscore that message Rameses builds four 65 ft statues of himself... towering over his conquered enemies. Two millennia later the heads of these statues are what Belzoni sees when he starts to uncover the temples. Convinced there's treasure inside and obsessed with finding it Belzoni enlists soldiers to help him dig for a way in. 01:31:16 Narrator - Josh Gates After four years of constant struggle with the sand he unearths the entrance to Rameses' great temple. Legend says that Belzoni renames the complex Abu Simbel after the boy who led him here. Finally, with the entranceway unearthed it's time for Belzoni to enter the great temple and discover history's greatest lost treasure. 01:31:45 Break 4 01:31:55 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: EGYPT ABU SIMBEL 01:31:56 Narrator - Josh Gates In Southern Egypt the Temples of Abu Simbel are a testament to the power of the Egyptian Empire under one of its greatest Pharaohs, Rameses II. But after the fall of Egypt the complex was reclaimed by the desert and buried under mountains of sand. 01:32:16 Narrator - Josh Gates Explorer Giovanni Belzoni is likely the first person to pass the Temple's threshold in thousands of years and he's expecting to find riches beyond his wildest dreams. But Belzoni will have to go on dreaming because there's no gold, no jewels, no artwork he can sell, nada. What he does find, however, is a series of chambers and every wall is covered with intricate hieroglyphs describing Rameses' many conquests. In fact the reliefs carved into the walls of Abu Simbel are believed to be one of the oldest known detailed records of a military battle. 01:32:57 Narrator - Josh Gates Belzoni also discovers a series of four deity statues. Ra-Harakhty, the Sun God. Amun, God of the Air. Ptah, an underworld god. And of course a deified version of Rameses himself. A direct line runs from the exterior of the Temple to this room letting in the sunlight. 01:33:20 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said The temple has a mysterious double purpose. But if you are not here at the exact right moment you will miss it. 01:33:20 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] The temple has a mysterious 01:33:22 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] double purpose 01:33:23 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] But if you are not here 01:33:24 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] at the exact right moment 01:33:26 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] you will miss it. 01:33:29 Josh Gates The legend says the temples were meticulously designed so that twice a year, on Rameses' birth date, February 22nd, and his coronation date, October 22nd, the sun lights up three of the four statues in the inner sanctum. Why only three of the four? Well, it wasn't a mistake, not by a long shot. Please explain doc. 01:33:51 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] The god who remains 01:33:51 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said The god who remains in darkness is the god Ptah the god of underworld. 01:33:52 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] in darkness 01:33:53 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] is the god Ptah 01:33:55 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] the god of underworld. 01:33:57 Josh Gates Ah, because there's no sun in the underworld. Okay. I get it now. 01:34:03 Narrator - Josh Gates For the next 150 years archaeologists eagerly research the site. But in the 1960's the erection of the Aswan Dam downriver threatens to put a damper on things. Engineers realize the dam would cause the area around Abu Simbel to flood. The archaeological wonder could be damaged or lost forever. So they devise a brilliant, though back breaking solution, move Abu Simbel 650 ft back from the river and 210 ft higher, block by 20 ton block. 01:34:45 Narrator - Josh Gates What's even more amazing is that at the new location engineers managed to realign the blocks perfectly ensuring the sun will continue to shine on the statues. Allowing experts to continue studying Abu Simbel as if it had never been moved. 01:35:02 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said Ultimately, legend says that massive complex built by a man who claimed to be a god was saved by a boy, a circus strongman and a team of engineers who did truly move mountains. 01:35:03 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] Ultimately, legend says 01:35:05 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] that massive complex 01:35:07 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] built by a man 01:35:09 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] who claimed to be a god 01:35:12 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] was saved by a boy, 01:35:14 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] a circus strongman 01:35:16 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] and a team of engineers 01:35:18 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] who did truly move mountains. 01:35:25 Josh Gates From an ancient temple that celebrates a ruler's life we next head 2,000 miles East to an ancient lake that curiously supports no life at all. In recent years scientists have uncovered the true origins and bizarre properties of this peculiar place and what they're learning is out of this world. 01:35:31 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: LONAR LAKE 01:35:44 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 19.9758°N 76.5069°E ALIEN LAKE 01:35:49 Narrator - Josh Gates With 116,000,000 people the Western State of Maharashtra is the second most populous in India. Visitors are typically drawn to its capital, Mumbai. But just 250 miles from the bustling city is one of India's most well kept secrets. 01:36:10 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: INDIA LONAR LAKE 01:36:11 Narrator - Josh Gates This is Lonar Lake. The mile wide lake is surrounded by lush life but the deep green water inside is a different story. A closer look at this seemingly lifeless water and the legend behind it reveals that this is not your average lake. References to the lake's spiritual significance are found in religious texts dating back to 1500 BCE. That could explain why it's surrounded by ten temples, some of which now lie in ruins. 01:36:46 Narrator - Josh Gates The temples were built by the Chalukya Dynasty at the turn of the 9th century in a quest to tap into the lake's reported mythical healing powers. Today the structures still attract the faithful and the curious. Pilgrims travel to Gomukh Temple to bathe in the fresh water stream that flows through its center. Then there's the Daitya Sudan temple, known for the R rated carvings on its walls. But soft core stone masonry aside the Daitya Sudan temple is dedicated to the powerful god who, according to Hindu law, created Lonar Lake. 01:37:27 Break 5 01:37:38 Narrator - Josh Gates In the legend a demon named Lonasura is tormenting the people of the region when a young boy comes to their aid. The boy is the god Lord Vishnu in disguise. Lord Vishnu and Lonasura fight an epic battle. It ends when Vishnu delivers a powerful blow that shatters the earth and drives the demon to the netherworld, leaving behind a massive crater. 01:38:11 Josh Gates The basin fills with Lonasura's blood and the lake's murky water is blamed on his decomposing flesh. Okay. So maybe not the best place for a swim. The new lake is named Lonar after the deceased demon. 01:38:25 Narrator - Josh Gates For generations the legend was enough to explain Lonar Lake's creation. But in the 1960's scientists started looking into a different origin story. They found that the land here sits on hardened lava rock called basalt left over from eruptions that took place over 65,000,000 years ago. This led some geologists to conclude that Lonar Lake is a volcanic crater. 01:38:52 Josh Gates Seems like a solid theory but it turns out they were wrong. It wasn't until 1973 when the true origin of Lonar Lake was confirmed. A team of scientists discovered that unlike the land around it the lake bed is made from Maskelynite. A natural glass that is only formed when a large object like a meteorite crashes into the planet at high velocity. 01:39:02 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: 1973 01:39:17 Pankaj Vaidya Nearly 52,000 years ago a meteorite hits the Lonar area at hyper velocity. That means it was traveling 90,000 kilometers per hour. The depression from rim to rim distance is almost 6,000 ft and the depth of the cavity is almost 450 ft. It was a big explosion. Maybe 300 times more than a nuclear explosion. 01:39:17 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: PANKAJ VAIDYA SENIOR GEOLOGIST 01:39:22 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] at hyper velocity 01:39:23 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] That means it was traveling 01:39:25 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] 90,000 kilometers per hour. 01:39:26 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] The depression from rim to rim distance 01:39:28 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] is almost 6,000 feet, 01:39:30 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] and the depth of the cavity 01:39:32 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] is almost 450 feet. 01:39:34 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] It was a big explosion. 01:39:37 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] Maybe 01:39:38 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] 300 times more 01:39:40 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] than a nuclear explosion. 01:39:46 Josh Gates This is earth's only known hyper velocity impact crater in basaltic rock. The kind of rock found on the moon. So exploring this crater is like going to the moon, minus the long trip and the conspiracy theories. 01:40:00 Narrator - Josh Gates However, closer examination of the lake's unusual mix of saline and alkaline water has led to another startling revelation. One that could shed light on our connection to alien life. 01:40:15 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: INDIA LONAR LAKE 01:40:15 Narrator - Josh Gates India's Lonar Lake is one of the most peaceful looking places on earth. But it's this natural wonder's origins from a violent meteorite strike that could hold the key to understanding life on other planets. With no fish to be found everyone thought the lake was devoid of life beyond algae. But they just needed to look a little closer. 01:40:40 Pankaj Vaidya This water is highly saline and alkaline and the survival of any living creature is difficult. But a few years back some Indian researchers have found some magnetic bacteria is present inside the lake. 01:40:41 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] This water is highly saline and alkaline 01:40:43 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] and the survival of any living 01:40:45 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] creature is difficult. 01:40:47 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] But a few years back 01:40:49 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] some Indian researchers 01:40:51 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] have found some magnetic bacteria 01:40:52 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: [SUBTITLES] is present inside the lake. 01:40:56 Josh Gates The technical and kind of bad ass term for this bacteria is extremophile. Basically an organism that lives in extreme temperature, acidity, alkalinity or chemical concentration. Some scientists believe it's possible that similar bacteria, from which life on earth evolved, could have arrived here in the same way via meteorite. That's right. Maybe our very distant ancestors were aliens. 01:41:20 Narrator - Josh Gates Whether or not we came from the stars some scientists believe that studying the bacteria in Lonar Lake might get us closer to understanding the galaxy as a whole. But in the meantime the lake is a pretty incredible place to see right here on earth. 01:41:37 Narrator - Josh Gates Whether we're hiding something precious, searching for what we've lost or discovering something we could have never imagined, there are places around the world where if you just look deep enough you'll uncover the incredible legends that lurk within them. 01:41:50 CREDITS BEGIN Executive Producer BRAD KUHLMAN Executive Producer JOSH GATES Co-Executive Produxcers ROGER RODDY BEATA ZIEL VP of Production JENNIFER WEST VP of Post Production WENDY BACKOFEN Host JOSH GATES Line Producer CHRIS HORANGIC Producers NATE LIPP LISA LUMAR CHRIS PARKER LAUREN TAYLOR PABLO GARXCIA DE CASASOLA LLACER Story Producers JILLIAN COHEN LOWELL GOODMAN PAUL KOEHORST RON NELSON Associate Producers JOANNA CHROST HUGH DALY Directors of Photography BRANDON EMERY RYAN FIRTH ANDREW KLEINSCHMIDT DANNY LONG SAMUEL ROBLES ARIZA MALCOLM DESOTO JOSE MANUEL RAMOS SIERRA HQ Director of Photography DAVID KLASSEN Tech Supervisors JIMMY AHERN DIEGO CONTRERAS JOHNATHON DESOTO Audio MIKE CURTIS Production Services by TRAVEL HARMONY - EGYPT MAGDY RASHIDY MOHAMAD HAWASH FTP BROADCAST, SPAIN JULIAN NAVARRO PUJA BEDI, TRIDEV ENTERTAINMENT INDIA LLONKA, JJ & TEAM Gaffer EVAN MATTHEW COX Key Grip ANTHONY YAMAMOTO Jib Operator TIM LEE Teleprompting LEE GOFFIN-BONENFANT Make Up CHEYANNE KLASSEN Editors FELIX CHAMBERLAIN ROD CHEW CHRISTIAN HUNT JEFF TOBER Junior Editor MELINDA HATCHER Post Production Supervisor JANIE OLIVER Supervising Sound Editor DAVE MIRAGLIA Online Editor/Colorist STEPHEN DENNER Main Title Graphic PIXELDUST STUDIOS Digital Set Design and VFX DILATED PIXELS Stock Footage and Stills By CRITICAL PAST DISCOVERY ACCESS GETTY IMAGES SHUTTERSTOCK POND5 Special Thanks USDA FOREST SERVICE SIX RIVERS NATIONAL FOREST ASOCIACION ZARAGOZA DE AMIGOS DEL FERROCARRIL Y TRANVIAS CENTRO DE INTERPRETACAO TEMPLARIO DO ALMOUROL VILA NOVA DA BARQUINHA CASTILLOS DE LOS TEMPLARIOS DE PONFERRADA/EL CASTILLO DE "EL TEMPLE" EN PONFERRADA GALERIA Y EL MIRADOR DE ORELLAN, EN EL ETORNO DE "LAS MEDULAS" AJUNTA DE CASTILLA Y LEON DELEGACION TERRITORIAL DE LEON - LAS MEDULAS DR. MANUEL JOAQUIM GANDRA SRA. CXONCEAJAL DE EDUCACION, CULTURA, PATRIMONIO HISTORICO Y TURISMO DONA MARIA ANTONIA GANCEDO LOPEZ AYJUNTAMIENTO DE PONFERRADA SERVICIO TERRITORIAL DE CULTURA DE LEON For Travel Channel Executive Producer DANIEL A. SCHWARTZ Produced by Ping Pong Productions, Inc. for the Travel ChannelCenter Bottom Logo: Trvl Channel © 2019, The Travel Channel, L.L.C. All Rights Reserved.Center Logo: DISCOVERY NETWORKS 01:41:55 Josh Gates I'm Josh Gates, travel adventurously and I'll see you next time on Legendary Locations. 01:42:03 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN: LEGENDARY LOCATIONS 01:42:10 CREDITS END Profanity Markers (Total: 0) Timecode Label Content 01:00:01 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:00:08 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:00:34 Josh Gates 01:00:43 Josh Gates (Archive) 01:00:47 Josh Gates 01:00:54 Josh Gates 01:01:04 Josh Gates 01:01:29 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:02:22 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:02:42 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:02:57 Josh Gates 01:03:17 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:03:34 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:04:21 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:04:58 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:05:20 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:05:34 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:06:55 Josh Gates 01:07:15 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:07:44 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:08:05 Josh Gates 01:08:19 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:08:48 Josh Gates 01:09:21 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:09:41 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:09:59 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:10:16 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:10:45 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:11:05 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:00:16 Narrator - Narrator 01:00:23 Narrator - Narrator 01:02:31 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:03:48 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:04:02 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:04:42 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:06:34 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:07:53 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:08:36 Rebecca Jordan Gleason 01:11:35 Ana Elvira Garcia 01:12:09 Ana Elvira Garcia 01:14:44 Ana Elvira Garcia 01:11:53 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:12:34 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:12:47 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:13:15 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:13:44 Josh Gates 01:13:52 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:14:12 Josh Gates 01:14:27 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:15:04 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:15:20 Josh Gates 01:15:54 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:16:26 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:17:09 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:16:15 Richard Stenger 01:16:50 Richard Stenger 01:11:36 Translation for Ana Elvira Garcia 01:12:11 Translation for Ana Elvira Garcia 01:14:45 Translation for Ana Elvira Garcia 01:23:07 Fernando Sánchez 01:23:56 Fernando Sánchez 01:17:57 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:18:39 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:18:46 Josh Gates 01:19:08 Josh Gates 01:19:21 Josh Gates 01:19:36 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:19:46 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:20:21 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:20:35 Josh Gates 01:20:53 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:21:09 Josh Gates 01:21:42 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:22:21 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:22:43 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:23:19 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:24:17 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:17:47 Richard Stenger 01:18:29 Richard Stenger 01:18:57 Richard Stenger 01:20:07 Richard Stenger 01:23:08 Translation for Fernando Sánchez 01:23:57 Translation for Fernando Sánchez 01:29:56 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said 01:30:00 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said 01:30:28 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said 01:25:48 Fernando Sánchez 01:24:53 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:25:28 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:26:07 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:26:52 Josh Gates 01:27:10 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:27:39 Josh Gates 01:28:09 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:28:34 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:29:05 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:29:49 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:30:13 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:30:41 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:31:16 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:25:50 Translation for Fernando Sánchez 01:33:20 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said 01:33:51 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said 01:35:02 Dr. Abd El Mone'm Said 01:31:56 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:32:16 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:32:57 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:33:29 Josh Gates 01:33:57 Josh Gates 01:34:03 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:34:45 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:35:25 Josh Gates 01:35:49 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:36:11 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:36:46 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:37:38 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:38:11 Josh Gates 01:38:25 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:38:52 Josh Gates 01:39:46 Josh Gates 01:40:00 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:40:15 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:40:56 Josh Gates 01:41:20 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:41:37 Narrator - Josh Gates 01:41:55 Josh Gates 01:39:17 Pankaj Vaidya 01:40:40 Pankaj Vaidya