John Ngiabi

 Global Health Discussion Student Name Institution Name Course Number Instructor Name Date Global Health Discussion How is global health different from public health and international health? Is there one definition of global health? Global, public, and international health have common goals but are distinctive in scope, focus, and implementation. The public health aims at the community and national health issues like prevention of diseases, health promotion, and policy making. International health deals with health issues across many countries, usually in poor regions worldwide, through foreign aid, epidemiological research, and global partnerships. However, global health is not at the national level, but rather on health disparities, social determinants of health, and efforts to advance health equity globally (Cemma, 2017). Although global health is increasingly prominent, there is no universally accepted definition of global health. As Koplan et al. (2009) stated, global health is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on improving health to achieve health equity for all populations worldwide. Other definitions include a focus on transnational health issues, interdisciplinary collaboration, and a mix of individual clinical care and population-based prevention strategies (Cemma, 2017). The scope of global health is broad and dynamic and evolves, and such ongoing discussions are needed to specify its conceptual framework. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of economic globalization and describe how it has impacted the health of the world’s people, particularly those living in poverty. Economic globalization has affected global health outcomes through exchange of medical knowledge, advanced technologies, and enhanced access to medications and vaccines, particularly in low-resource settings. In addition, economic globalization enables economic growth in many countries, and has provided job opportunities, resulting in improved living standards, which are associated with better health outcomes (Jamison et al., 2013). International organizations and philanthropic entities have supported global health initiatives for controlling infectious diseases and resolving public health problems globally. Nevertheless, economic globalization has increased health inequities, particularly for poor individuals. Labor exploitation, environmental degradation, and unequal access to healthcare resources result from the expansion of multinational corporations. Privatization and cost barriers limit low-income populations from accessing jobs with security, exposure to hazardous working conditions, or even basic healthcare (Jamison et al., 2013). Also, globalization has quickened the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, and shows the demand for stronger global health governance and equitable healthcare systems that can effectively respond to future health crises. What are the critical characteristics, skills, and knowledge should nurses working in a global context demonstrate to optimize ethical, fair, and just care? Ethical, just, and fair care requires nurses, working in a global health setting, to possess critical skills and knowledge. Nurses often work with diverse populations, hence cultural competence becomes essential because nurses must provide sensitivity to cultural beliefs, practices, and healthcare norms. In addition, global health nurses must possess strong communication and collaboration skills to communicate with multidisciplinary teams, policymakers, and community stakeholders to solve health disparity issues (WHO, 2020). Ethical considerations are required for global nursing practice. Nurses must advocate for patient rights, promote health equity, and do social justice. They should be aware of the global health policies, health systems, and strategies for disease prevention and management in different settings. Adaptability and resilience are also crucial characteristics since nurses often work in resource-limited environments where they must be creative in problem-solving to deliver quality care (WHO, 2020). If nurses incorporate these characteristics, they can contribute to advancing global health equity and improving the overall healthcare performance globally. References Cemma, M. (2017). What’s the difference? Global health defined. Global Health NOW. https://globalhealthnow.org/2017-09/whats-difference-global-health-defined Jamison, D. T., Summers, L. H., Alleyne, G., Arrow, K. J., Berkley, S., Binagwaho, A., ... Yamey, G. (2013). Global health 2035: A world converging within a generation. The Lancet,-),-. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS-/fulltext?hc_location=ufi&code=lancet-site Koplan, J. P., Bond, T. C., Merson, M. H., Reddy, K. S., Rodriguez, M. H., Sewankambo, N. K., & Wasserheit, J. N. (2009). Towards a common definition of global health. The Lancet, -),-. https://doi.org/10.1016/S- World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). State of the world's nursing 2020: Investing in education, jobs and leadership. WHO. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/-