Investing with Bogglehead's 3-Fund Portfolio
Banking/Finance, Blog Post
1,500 Words
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TITLE TAG:
Your Guide to Investing with the Bogleheads’ Three-Fund
Portfolio
FOCUS KEYWORD:
Bogleheads’ Three-Fund Portfolio
META DESCRIPTION:
One of the most challenging aspects of investing is deciding upon which securities to invest in while
meeting your financial goals. If you are looking for simplicity and low maintenance, the Bogleheads’
three-fund portfolio approach may be the solution. Find out everything you need to know about investing
with these three, easy funds.
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/guide-to-bogleheads-3-fund-portfolio
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https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/how-to-create-a-3-fund-portfolio/
https://money.usnews.com/investing/investing-101/articles/how-to-build-a-3-fund-portfolio
https://www.bogleheads.org/wiki/Three-fund_portfolio
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/a-boglehead-mentor-explains-the-simplest-way-to-manageyour-money-
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J. Grant
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Your Guide to Investing with the Bogleheads’ Three-Fund
Portfolio
On some level, people know that they should be investing their money. The only problem is that most
don’t know which security accounts are worthy of investing. Buzzwords like “diversification” and “no
trader fees” sound unbelievable, but do we understand why they matter or how to execute them?
Any time spent researching the internet is sure to lead you through multiple philosophies on the subject.
The results and information can be overwhelming. Why can’t there be a more simple investment strategy?
The good news is that there is! Meet the Bogleheads’ three-fund portfolio strategy. It’s a super simple
approach that generates steady returns over the long-run, which makes it ideal for retirement, business,
charitable, and legacy planning.
Developed by Jack Bogle, founder of the Vanguard Group and index mutual funds, superfans known as
‘Bogleheads,’ popularized this type of investment portfolio. It’s core thesis advocates that investors need
only three funds to meet long-term financial goals.
J. Grant
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In this article, we examine what you should include in a three-fund portfolio, the philosophy behind it,
and how you can begin investing. Let’s start by understanding what the Bogleheads’ three-fund portfolio
is:
What Is the Bogleheads Three-Fund Portfolio?
The Bogleheads’ three-fund portfolio is a simple investment profile composed of three assets. These three
assets are often inexpensive index funds. The industry refers to it as a ‘lazy portfolio’ due to the little
maintenance required on your behalf after funding it.
Three total market index funds make up the Bogleheads’ three-fund portfolio, including:
1. Total Stock Market Index Fund
2. Total Bond Market Index Fund
3. Total International Stock Fund
The simplistic structure of the Boghlehead investing philosophy means that you can spend less time
monitoring and adjusting your portfolio. Aside from ease, a three-fund portfolio investing strategy hinges
upon fundamental principles to execute it correctly.
Let’s take a closer look at the methodology and thought process behind it:
What Is the Bogleheads’ Investing Philosophy?
The Boglehead investing philosophy aims to create risk-adjusted returns that are much more profitable
than what a traditional investor can produce. Plus, the philosophy gives novice investors the room to
adjust to the world of securities. You only need one thing: the desire to achieve financial freedom.
Here are the following principles used by Bogleheads across the globe:
1. Start by Creating a Practical Financial Plan
Start by analyzing your household finances and build a long-term plan around your current situation
alongside your future needs. Future needs include things like retirement and healthcare. Sure, you can’t
predict what’s going to happen later in life, but it’s nice to know you have assets on hand that you can
liquidate or grow as needed.
2. Invest Your Money Early On and Then Keep It Up
Investing early certainly has its advantages over waiting until later in life. For example, if a 25-year old
person wants to retire on $1 million by the age of 60, he or she must set aside roughly $500 a month to
reach his or her goals. Conversely, the same person that begins investing at 35 must contribute $1,000
every month.
J. Grant
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3. Don’t Take on Unnecessary Risk or Conservation
The right asset allocation mix largely depends upon your tolerance to risk. Since the highest returns at the
lowest cost is an investor’s primary goal, taking on an appropriate level of exposure can assist in this
capacity.
Bogleheads say that your bond allocation should align with your age. So, as an example, if you are 30,
your mix is going to be 30 percent bonds and 70 percent stocks. While this number is an excellent
jumping-off point, you can adjust according to your goals, tolerance, and financial position.
Moreover, taking on too little risk may not reap the more significant returns for which you hope. You may
even fall short of your big-picture needs. On the other hand, taking on too much risk means that you can
lose more money than anticipated.
4. Avoid Trying to Time or Analyze the Market Too Much
It’s a bit of a pipe dream to believe that an investor can buy the best stocks, watch them grow, and then
sell them at the divergence point of high returns at the best price. This type of investment activity is a
strategy known as ‘timing the market.’ It goes against everything for which three-fund portfolio
investments stand.
Bogleheads espouse the idea that timing the market is not an appropriate choice. Attempting to do so only
creates frustration and loss in most cases. Bogleheads’ three-fund-portfolios are genuinely ‘set it and
forget it,’ aside from post-funding maintenance.
5. Deploy the Use of Index Funds Whenever Possible
You can purchase large sets of the market at a lower cost when using index funds in asset allocation. It’s a
simple way to add diversification without having to read the stock market. Bogleheads tend to focus on
the Vanguard index fund options. However, there are alternatives available that offer their own
perspective.
Now that you have a solid understanding of the philosophy that powers the Bogleheads’ three-fund
approach, it’s time to examine how one can execute a plan to start investing.
How to Invest with a Three-Fund Portfolio
J. Grant
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The first step to creating a three-fund portfolio is deciding upon which index funds to invest. It’s vital to
select funds that offer low expense ratios. Doing so allows you to keep your total investing costs
relatively inexpensive.
Here are a few considerations to keep in the back of your mind when making the determination:
Asset Allocation Takes Time But Is Well-Worth It
Choosing your asset allocations across your funds is the most technical aspect of developing a three-fund
portfolio. It’s an approach you must take that aligns with your personal financial situation. The most
crucial element to consider is how risk-averse you are.
Jack Bogle asserted that investors with an appetite for risk might want to hold 20 percent in bonds and 80
percent in stocks. This mix works well for someone who is younger and just starting their profile As
retirement approaches, that allocation may shift to 40 percent or more in bonds since they are a safer bet.
Your preference may be to include more or less. Keep in mind that over the long-run, stocks produce
higher returns but carry greater risk while the opposite is true for bonds. It’s the maddening nature of
investing.
Incorporate Popular Index Funds for Diversification at a Low Price
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In this article, we stress how important it is to choose the right index funds. Focusing on a few
characteristics helps you keep your investing costs low while maintaining a broad and diverse profile.
You can keep your investing costs low by selecting funds that offer the lowest expense ratios on the
market. A good starting point is finding funds with an expense ratio of 0.15 percent or less. The standard
rate is 0.50 percent or less for best-in-class consideration.
Diversification comes from funds on the S&P 500 index or total stock market. This tactic allows you to
buy bigger sets of stocks under the umbrella of a single investment. Plus, it insulates you from individual
stock fluctuations.
It’s worth remembering that a diversified portfolio doesn’t indicate \ losses won’t occur. It just means that
you may lose less money than going after individual stock picks.
Maintenance
After establishing a three-fund portfolio, it’s time for maintenance mode. Portfolio maintenance includes
potential asset reallocations and regular contributions to grow your accounts. Your only commitment is to
ensure your strategy reflects your current financial picture and supports your future goals. If these
elements change, update accordingly.
Final Thoughts and Considerations
J. Grant
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The Bogleheads’ three-fund portfolio’s hallmark is simplicity. That may be all you need to achieve your
financial goals with a steady, predictable rate of return.
In addition to ease-of-investment, the diversity of the portfolio spreads across three of the largest asset
classes. Doing so allows you to mitigate your risk to exposure by utilizing different asset allocation
levels, mainly as the market fluctuates.
Of course, there are several facets to this approach. Make sure you consider the following points before
making a final decision on fund selection, asset allocations, and the amounts in which you want to invest:
Choose the Right Type of Account
Careful asset allocation is the key to successful three-fund management. One aspect of proper distribution
means investors need to understand the difference between a non-qualified and a qualified account.
Opt for qualified accounts since non-qualified accounts require you to consider turnover and tax
consequences. This strategy allows you to create fertile ground for generating the most considerable aftertax returns.
Bogleheads’ Three-Fund Portfolios Are a Marathon, Not a Race
The Bogleheads’ three-fund portfolio strategies require patience on behalf of the investor. Markets may
act with volatility. Therefore, you must have the willingness to weather the storms of its ups and downs.
In short, the most passive investors stand to gain the most as fluctuations occur.
Keeping yourself informed concerning market conditions minimizes the potential for emotionally-charged
decision-making. Losses on your investment are troubling, but trusting the process can make it easier for
you to stay on track.
J. Grant
Page 7 of 7