Ejob Jason Eda

Saturday, March 15, 2025 CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT ANSIBLE – ANSIBLE – ANSIBLE – ANSIBLE what we will cover in this section. a. Ansible introduction b. Ansible inventory c. Type of ansible inventory d. How to create ansible – static inventory e. Practicing using the LionTech Ansible lab f. Ansible modules - via ansible adhoc commands. g. Ansible dynamic inventory h. Ansible playbooks i. Ansible roles j. Ansible vaults k. Ansible galaxy l. Ansible pipeline m. Ansible best practices and certifications. 1. WHAT IS ANSIBLE: 1. Ansible is used to deploy and automate configurations to remote servers [ remote hosts] 2. Ansible is a configuratio management tool [ technologyies] 3. Ansible is agentless. 4. Ansible uses the SSH protocol for communication with the remote hosts. 5. Examples : deploy whatsap deskstop to all the computers in lab034 [ 5000 computers] - 2000 = ubuntu - 1000 = redhat - 1000 = windows - 1000 = macos Ansible master [ controller] : this is the server on which ansible is installed. Ansible hosts/inventory -remote hosts. Remote hosts in ansible are hosts/servers to be managed by the ansible master/controller. Ansible Local host : this is the server on which ansible is installed. ANSIBLE AND PYTHON: Ansible is built on python. We will be using python modules to manage remote hosts . ANSIBLE AND DEVOPS. Ansible is used for ; - application deployment, task automation, and IT orchestration. CREATING AND ESTASBLISHING ANSIBLE STATIC INVENTORY REMOTES HOSTS. A. JOINING THE LIONTECH LAB ENVIRONMENT FOR HANDS ON 1. Log into the ansible server as ansible using password 4040 ssh ansible@-. Login usingf any ssh tool [ git bash , wsl ] 3. Create your own user name on the master control and login using your username # sudo adduser devops 4. Switch to devops user account ssh devops@-. Create your inventory file with the touch command # touch inventory 6. Paste the inventory content into the inventory file 7. Create keys pairs for your user. # ssh-keygen 8. Test connection using the ping module # ansible [all] -m [m =module ] -I [ I = inventory] # ansible all -m ping -I inventory 9. Clone the ansible reponsitory # https://github.com/Lion-Technology-Solutions/ansible.git CONSTRUCTING STATIC INVENTORY FILE 10 MINUTES BREAK 1. Create 6 more remote hosts and classify under two inventory groups [ stage and prod] [stage]- ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/maven-key.pem- ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/maven-key.pem- ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/maven-key.pem [prod]- ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/maven-key.pem- ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/maven-key.pem- ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/maven-key.pem Test connection using the ping module . # ansible prod -m ping -I inventory # ansible stage -m ping -I inventory 2. Deploy the user ‘devops’ to the prod and stage hosts STATIC INVENTORY GROUPS 1. # dev 2. # db 3. # stage 4. # prod ANSIBLE MODULES - ANSIBLE ADHOC COMMANDS Adhoc commds are a powerful way yo perform quick tasks on remote hosts without writing a full playbook. Adhoc commands uses ansible amoduels to perform specific actions Ansible modules. 1. The ping module - This modules checks for connectivity # ansible [host-group] -m [m =module] -I [inventory] # ansible db -m ping -I inventory # ansible all -m ping -I inventory 2. The shell module The shell module is used to execute shell commands on remote hosts e.g : check for uptime on specific servers # ansible all -m shell -a “uptime” # ansible all -m shell “mkdir ansible-projects” # ansible -m shell “ls -ltr” 3. The command module The command module execute ceertain commandon remote hosts # ansible all -m command -a “df -h” # ansible all -m commad -a “free -m” 4. The copy module : this is used to copy files or directories from master to remote controller Parameters with copy module. - File must exist - Define source - Define the destination on the remote host. e.g : create a file called your name-demo copy the file to all the remote servers in a directory called demo solutions: 1. Create the file ; # touch prince-demo Destination: /devops/ ansible-projects # ansible all -m copy -a "src=prince-demo dest=/home/devops/ansible-projects" -i inventory Sunday, March 16, 2025 1. Ansible modules – Adhoc commands part 2 Best Practices for Adhoc commands a. The use of admin previllages. - Become root : this allows you to execute admin tasks Options : -b --become # ansible all -m user -a “adduser demond” –become [-b] 2. Ansible modules continuation: 1. File module This module is used to manage files and directories on remote hosts. Manage files: - Create - Read - Write - Delete - Edit - Manage permissions/ permits Example: # ansible all -m file -a “path=path/to/directory state=directory” # ansible all -m file -a “path=/home/devops/march16 state=directory” # ansible all -m shell -a "ls /home/shella" -i inventory # ansible all -m file -a "path=/home/ubuntu/march16 state=directory" -i inventory 2. The package module Package management Operating system Package manager Examples Windows os # chocolatey # choco install git Ubuntu # apt # sudo apt install git Redhat # yum # yum install git # macos # homebrew # brew a. # yum module This is used to manage package on redhat based systems # ansible all -m yum -a “name=git state=present” -I inventory b.The apt module This is used to manage packages on Debian-Based systems # ansible all -m apt -a “update_cache=yes” -I inventory 3. The service module The service module manage services on the remote hosts Examples: start and restart apache /. Tomcat # ansible all -m service -a “name=sonarqube state=started” The Setup module This module father facts about the remote hosts 4. # ansible all -m setup The user module # this is used manage users on the remote hosts 5. Add a user: # ansible all -m user -a “name=fai state=present” -I inventory -b Delete the user # ansible all -m user -a “name=fai state=absent” -I inventory -b 15 minute break 7:50pm 1. Ansible playbooks and Ansible playbooks components What is an ansible playbook: - A playbook is a YAML file that defines a set of tasks , roles and configurations to be applied to remote hosts. # touch 01-deploy-git.yaml # what is the different between a play and task in ansible? # what is your experience with ansible playbooks? - Create, manage and maintain playbooks. Update git version to version- - Playbooks are the core of ansible automations , allowing us to describe the desired state of our infrastructure. PLAYBOOK STRUCUTRE/COMPONENTS: 1. Hosts: the target hostss/servers or groups from the inventory. Hosts = hosts = Host 2. Tasks: the actions to be performed on the hosts 3. The variables: customer values used to configure tasks. 4. Roles: # KEY COMPONENTS OF A PLAYBOOK. 1. Hosts: the servers in the inventory. 2. Tasks - Each task calls an ansible module # create a user = user module # create a file /directory = file 3. Variables # sonarqube_port = 9000 / 9001 # sonarqube_user = sonar / elvis / paul # username = paul / john 4. Roles 5. Handlers