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Hawthorne's
Psychological Setting in Hawthornes “The Minister’s Black Veil”
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short stories are strongly developed around his unique
and powerful use of physical setting. Often the location and the time of day of the story
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speak as much -- if not more -- of the plot, giving a deeper meaning then just the
outside world. However, this emphasis on the physical setting is not always present, as
in “The Minister’s Black Veil.” Instead, Hawthorne here used primarily the psychological
setting of the characters (and most of all with Parson Hooper) to create this masterpiece
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work that creates just as much an impact - if not more so -- than any physical setting
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could ever achieve. Hawthorne’s gift as a writer who knew the power of darkness is
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evident in his short story “The Minister’s Black Veil”.
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Hawthorne physically sit this short story in the town of Milford. It is a common
setting for Hawthorne: a New England town set around a church, symbolizing the
Puritan values that the villagers strongly upheld. Indeed, the story begins with the town
coming to church on the Sabbath to hear the Reverend Hooper preach to them. Little
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more description is left for the reader to gain insight into the physical setting surrounding
Mr. Hooper. The rest is left to the psychological impact that is created through the inner
works of Mr. Hooper.
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Parson Hooper was a pious, upright man who had the great respect of the
community in which he ministered. His presence was always looked forward to on the
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Sundays when he filled the pulpit, and he was a ready pastor at the weddings and
funerals of Milford; he “had the reputation of a good preacher.” He interacted with
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everyone in his parish, from the young to the old, treating each with respectful love and
care. In return, the people of Milford referred to him as “good Parson Hooper.” Mr.
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Hooper also had the blessing of loyal Elizabeth, who was to be his wife someday. In all,
Hooper
it outwardly appeared that Mr. Hopper lived a blessed and wonderful life.
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However, on the Sunday morning that “The Minister’s Black Veil” begins to
unfold, Mr. Hooper lost the reverent effect upon his parish when he emerged from his
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home for the first time -- and for the rest of his life -- with two folds of crape covering his
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face to his mouth. Reverend Hooper’s black veil opened a world of unsatisfied curiosity
to the community. Hooper refused to take it off and to fully explain the meaning behind
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the covering on his face. Not even his beloved Elisabeth could persuade him to remove
it or to divulge the cause. In whatever office he ministered, Hooper’s face remained
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covered. Even his deathbed and grave still found him with the vail on his face
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The significance of Hooper’s face covering could be felt by everyone. It lent a air
of extreme sobriety and mystery to the man. People felt that he had “gone mad” or that
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the harbored some “secret sin;” while others felt it was “an eccentric whim.” It distanced
him from the parish he so cherished and sought to serve. At the same time, though, it
made him “a very efficient clergyman. He became a man of awful power over souls that
were in agony for sin.”
What exactly caused this great change from the minister being loved to the
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minister being feared. The title of Hawthorne’s story, “The Minister’s Black veil,” seems
itself to lend much meaning to the story. The view speaks for a vagueness and haziness
that surrounds the pastor / haziness surrounding the pastor.
that surrounding the pastor. Hooper refused to tell the full significance and reasoning for
his veil. He called it “but a mortal veil,” one that he had vowed to wear in this present
life, but could be removed forever in heavenly eternity. It separated him from the daily
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life that surrounded him. People whispered behind back, and children fled from his
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presence. He had lost the love that he had so treasured. No one could explain the
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mystery or lay claim to the reasoning behind the wearing of the veil; yet no one was
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willing to trust themselves to love the minister as they had before. They are frightened of
him.
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The color of the veil intimidated the extreme sadness and heaviness with which
Reverand Hooper wore his covering. It appeared that some great weight of sin and guilt
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bore down upon him as she forever walked around shrouded in a veil that covered his
facial features and glazed the world around him in a darker hue. It “probably did not
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intercept his sight, farther than to give a darkened aspect to all living and inanimate
things.” While people feared him, he was also able to bring about much good. His veil’s
“gloom, indeed, enabled him to sympathize with all dark affections. Dying sinners cried
aloud for Mr. Hooper and would not yield their breath till he appeared; though ever, as
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he stopped to whisper consolation, they shuddered at the veiled face so near their own.
Such were the terrors of the black veil, even when Death had bared his visage.” On his
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deathbed the minister was entreated to remove his veil and clear his name of the dark
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mystery surrounding his otherwise upright and holy life. However, Mr. Hooper cried out
“What, but the mystery which it obscurely typifies, has made this piece of crape so
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awful? I look around me, and, lo! On every visage a black veil!”.
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The dark enigma surrounding Parson Hooper’s veil was never fully revealed to his
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parish by him. Ever since he first appeared with his black veil on that bright sunny
Sabbath morning to preach as was his usual, the village people and those who lived in
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the surroundings were both terrified and mystified. Indeed, the sermon Pastor Hooper
preached the first time with his veil was on “secret sin, and those sad mysteries which
we hide from our nearest and dearest, and would fain conceal from our own
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consciousness, even forgetting that the Omniscient can detect them.” The veil’s affect,
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though, brought many to hear Pastor Hooper and he was able to minister through both
his words and his black veil to those with dark sins and forbodings of the life to come.
Hawthorne himself never fully explained the deep meaning and mystery of
Hooper’s black veil. Instead, Hawthorne left that to the reader to contemplate. As the
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physical setting surrounding Pastor Hooper are simple and little touched upon the
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reader must inevitably consider the deeper meaning surrounding the story, and the
psychological impact of human nature in daily life. “‘How strange,’ said a lady, ‘that a
simple black veil, such as any woman might wear on her bonnet, should become such a
face!'"
terrible thing on Mr. Hooper’s face!”