Alula Tesfaye

Project Description: Addis Pay E-commerce Kubernetes-Based Microservices Architecture Objective: Develop a scalable, resilient, and maintainable e-commerce application using microservices architecture orchestrated by Kubernetes. The application will include features such as user management, product catalog, shopping cart, order processing, payment handling, and notifications. Key Components: 1. Microservices: o User Service: Manages user registration, authentication, and profiles. o Product Service: Manages product listings, details, inventory, and categories. o Cart Service: Manages user shopping carts. o Order Service: Processes orders, handles order history, and tracking. o Payment Service: Manages payment transactions and billing. o Notification Service: Sends notifications (email/SMS) to users regarding order status, promotions, etc. o Search Service: Provides search capabilities across products. o Recommendation Service: Offers personalized product recommendations based on user behavior. o Review Service: Manages product reviews and ratings. 2. Kubernetes Components: o Pods: The smallest deployable units running individual microservices. o Services: Abstract microservices and ensure stable communication within the cluster. o Deployments: Manage the deployment and scaling of pods. o ConfigMaps and Secrets: Manage configuration data and sensitive information. o Ingress: Manages external access to the services, typically HTTP/HTTPS routes. 3. Data Storage: o Databases: Using PostgreSQL,for relational or NoSQL data. o Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs): Manage persistent storage for databases. 4. CI/CD Pipeline: o Jenkins/GitLab CI: For continuous integration and deployment. o Helm: For managing Kubernetes applications using Helm charts. 5. Monitoring and Logging: o Prometheus: For monitoring metrics. o Grafana: For visualization of metrics. o ELK Stack (Elastic search, Logstash, Kibana): For centralized logging and log analysis. 6. Security: o Network Policies: Control network traffic between pods. o RBAC (Role-Based Access Control): Manage permissions within the cluster. o Service Mesh (e.g., Istio): Provide secure communication between services. 7. Scalability and Resilience: o Horizontal Pod Autoscaler: Automatically scale the number of pods based on demand. o Cluster Autoscaler: Automatically adjust the number of nodes in the cluster. o Pod Disruption Budgets: Ensure a minimum number of pods are always running. Steps to Build the Platform: 1. Planning and Design: o Define project requirements and scope. o Design the architecture and data models for microservices. 2. Setting Up the Environment: o Configure a Kubernetes cluster (e.g., using AWS EKS, Google GKE, or Azure AKS). o Set up a development environment with necessary tools and frameworks. 3. Microservices Development: o Develop each microservice with a specific focus, ensuring they are independently deployable. o Containerize each microservice using Docker. 4. Kubernetes Configuration: o Define Kubernetes manifests for Pods, Services, Deployments, ConfigMaps, Secrets, and Ingress. o Use Helm charts to manage the deployment of microservices. 5. CI/CD Pipeline: o Set up Jenkins or GitLab CI for continuous integration and deployment. o Automate the building, testing, and deployment of microservices using Helm. 6. Data Storage Configuration: Set up and configure databases (PostgreSQL, MongoDB) with Persistent Volume Claims. 7. Monitoring and Logging Setup: o Deploy Prometheus and Grafana for monitoring. o Set up the ELK stack for logging. 8. Security Configuration: o Implement Network Policies for controlling traffic. o Set up RBAC for managing access. o Deploy a Service Mesh like Istio for secure service communication. 9. Testing and Quality Assurance: o Perform unit, integration, and end-to-end testing. o Use Kubernetes tools like Kube-bench for security compliance. 10. Deployment and Scaling: o Deploy the microservices to the Kubernetes cluster. o Configure Horizontal Pod Autoscaler and Cluster Autoscaler for scalability. 11. Maintenance and Updates: o Monitor application performance and logs. o Plan for regular updates and maintenance. o By following these steps and leveraging Kubernetes' capabilities, build a robust and scalable microservices-based e-commerce application. Kubernetes-Based Microservices Architecture Diagram Here is a detailed representation of the Kubernetes-based microservices architecture: [ External Users ] | [ Ingress Controller ] | +--------------------------------------------------------+ | Kubernetes Cluster | | | | +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ | | | Pods | | Pods | | Pods | | Pods | | | | (User | | (Prod-| | (Cart | | (Order| | | | Serv- | | uct S-| | S-) | | S-) | | | | ice) | | ervic-| | | | | | | +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ | | | | +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ | | | Pods | | Pods | | Pods | | Pods | | | | (Paym-| | (Noti-| | (Sear-| | (Recom-| | | | ent S-| | ficat-| | ch Se-| | menda-| | | | ervice)| | ion S-| | rvice)| | tion | | | +-------+ | ervice)| +-------+ | Serv-) | | +-------+ | ices | | | +-------+ | | | | +-------+ | | | Pods | | | | (Rev-) | | | iew S-| | | | ervice)| | | +-------+ | +--------------------------------------------------------+ | +--------------------------------------------------------+ | External Services | | (Databases, Payment Gateways, Notifications) +--------------------------------------------------------+ | Explanation: 1. External Users: The entry point for users interacting with the application. 2. Ingress Controller: Manages external access to services within the Kubernetes cluster. 3. Kubernetes Cluster: Hosts various microservices as pods, managed by deployments and services. 4. Microservices: Each micro service runs in its own pod, handling specific functionalities like user management, product management, shopping cart, order processing, payment, notifications, search, recommendations, and reviews. 5. External Services: Integration with external services such as databases, payment gateways, and notification systems. The architecture ensures that the application is scalable, resilient, and easy to manage, leveraging Kubernetes' orchestration capabilities.