Ali Raza

Red stripe and top root:- Casual organisms:- Pseudomonas rubrilineas Red stripe:- Symptoms:- The water soak first elongate structure. It look to be chlorotic , necrosis logged uniformly dark red strip 0.5-1 mm in width and 5-100mm or more in length. Some two streaks or stripe cloacae to form the larger band. The lower half of the leaves is more effective than the tip. Again the young leaves or more effected than old. Whitish flakes appear from dry oozes which is actually bacteria masses. Top rot:- Symptom:- It include yellowing wilting of older leaves which may show red stipes The growing point of the shoot with water dark red stripes with water soak appear and under goes rotting Progress downward killed the terminal leaves. The top may be result from stem and bud infection without showing symptoms on leaves. Disease cycle:- It is not able to survive in soil and debris. It is mainly survive alternate host maize, good enough to carry bacteria during off season. Use of root cutting from disease plant also provides a source of pure inoculum. The infection start from wind and stomata. Bacteria can on tissue of host plant. If rapid multiply in parenchyma tissue and move to the vascular bundles. The bacteria is disseminated by wind splashes or rain drop. Bacteria are present on the surface of leaves. Management:- Once disease sets it is difficult to manage. Systematic cutting and burning of effective reduced the spread. Use of resistant variety.