Adam Elliott

COURSE STORYBOARD November 22, 2020 Qualification: National Course Code: Certificate IV in Building and Construction CPC40110 Course Number: Course Title: Demolition Course Outline: Introduction Module 1: Demolition and Deconstruction Lesson 1: Concept Definition A. Demolition VS Deconstruction B. Tools and Equipment Lesson 2: Preliminary Planning and Work Assessment A. Preliminary Planning B. Pre-Work Inspections C. Waste Management Planning D. Assessing and Documenting the Job Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures Introduction Lesson 1: Working Safely Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Lesson 4: Recycling and Cleaning Up Summary Assessment Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures Lesson 1: Dealing with Problems and Working Safely Slide Title/ Slide Screenshot On-Screen Visuals On-Screen Text Module 2: Demolition Background image: Lesson 1: Working Safely Work Procedures Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Narration This is Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures. Module 1 provided you with the information on work planning and work assessment prior to demolition work. In this module, we will extensively review work demolition procedures. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Lesson 4: Recycling and Cleaning Up An introduction provides you of the problems to be expected during demolition. Lesson 1 itemizes essential tips on working safely during demolition. Lessons 2 and 3 covers the various demolition work procedures you are expected to encounter in the field. Finally, lesson 4 talks about recycling and cleaning up after the demolition work. Ready to learn more about demolition work procedures? Let’s get to it! Component Type/ Notes to Developers Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Welcome back everyone… We now continue with Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures. In Module 1 we provided you with the information for work planning and work assessment before demolition work can start. In this module we’ll focus on demolition procedures, there are 4 lessons in this module In the introduction we’ll look at the problems to be expected during demolition. In lesson 1 we’ll, closely focus essential tips on working safely during demolition and in lesson 2 and 3 we’ll cover the various demolition work procedures you are expected to encounter at the site, and finally, in lesson 4 we’ll talk about recycling and cleaning up after the demolition work. Let’s get to it! Introduction Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) The actual demolition of a part or all of The actual demolition of a part or all of a building is usually a reversal of the a building is usually a reversal of the construction steps. construction steps. This means that the construction steps for that building must be identified This means that the construction before work on its demolition can begin. steps for that building must be identified before work on its Usually, the fasteners holding materials in place need to be removed first. demolition can begin. Once this is done, the materials can be removed and stacked as planned. Remember that we’ve indicated before that actual demolition is a top down process which is the opposite of construction which is bottom up! However, it is useful to understand the construction process steps for that building and they must be identified before work on its demolition can begin. Usually, demolition starts when the fasteners holding materials in place are loosened and then safely removed. Once this is done, the materials can be removed and stacked as planned. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. ● Introduction Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) ● ● An essential start to demolition work is to secure the site with a fence or barricade to keep unwanted people out of the danger area. An essential start to demolition work is to secure the site with a fence or barricade to keep unwanted people out of the danger area. On-site workers need to have completed relevant safety training. Allowing people to enter the area without completing safety training increases the risk of accidents occurring on-site . Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. On-site workers need to have Site protection and barricades may need to include the arc where structures completed relevant safety may fall, where the chimney may fall on to a nearby footpath. training. An easy-to-access site can lead to problems from unauthorised people Allowing people to enter the area entering the site and being injured. without completing safety training increases the risk of accidents Before work has begun the site needs to be made secure with a fence or occurring on-site. barricade to keep unwanted people out of the danger area and off site, onsite protection and barricades may also be needed to cover the areas where building materials such as bricks or bigger pieces like chimneys’ may fall into walkways and footpaths. An unsecure site that is easy-to-access can lead to problems from unauthorised people entering the site and being injured. All site workers must have completed all required safety training to gain access to the site, those that have not completed their safety training should not be allowed access to the site due to the increased risk of accidents. Introduction Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) Image: Problem to be demolition work: ● expected Structural Instability in Problems are to be expected during demolition work. Always have on hand an experienced person to foresee problems and put into effect alternative safe methods to ensure the overall safety of the job. One possible source of danger is the structural instability created during the deconstruction process. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Additional image to appear in sync with the narration. As parts of a building are removed, the remainder of the structure may become unstable. This problem can be exacerbated if the building has been weakened by events such as termite attack, weathering or previous alterations. This image is an example of a building made structurally unstable by termite attacks. Building made structurally unstable by termite attack (Refer to the courseware for actual photos) You’re always going to have problems on a demolition work site, so expect them. It’s always a good idea to have an experienced worker to help spot problems and look out for safety hazards and violations to ensure the overall safety of the job. Remember your basically knocking a building down so you’ll always have a problem with instability of the building as you take parts away. This problem can be even bigger if the building has been weakened by termite attack, weathering or previous alterations and of course gravity. So, make sure that your team is aware of these potential problems. This image is an example of a building made structurally unstable by termite attacks. Introduction Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) Image: Problem to be demolition work: ● expected in Structural Instability Sometimes temporary supporting structures may need to be put in place Sometimes temporary supporting structures may need to be put in place to hold the main building while other parts are removed. As much as possible, consider the need for this during the pre-planning stage. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Additional image to appear in sync with the narration. to hold the main building while other Always think about how you are going to access the work area safely and parts are removed. how you can safeguard against things falling onto people and people falling off work areas. Now that we have outlined some of the problems that are to be expected, let’s talk about some absolute must do’s on working safely when engaging in demolition work. Building with scaffolding (Refer to the courseware for actual photos) Next stop is lesson 1! Often you’ll need temporary supports to support the building as you take parts of it away, this is something you should have considered during the preplanning stage along with how you are going to access the work area safely and how you can safeguard against things falling onto people and people falling off work areas. Now that we have outlined some of the problems that are to be expected, let’s talk about some absolute must do’s on working safely when engaging in demolition work. We now move on to lesson 1! Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures Lesson 1: Working Safely LEARNING INTERACTION: TABS SLIDE TITLE: WORKING SAFELY Tab Title On-Screen Visuals Introduction tab + Number of Tabs: 6 On-Screen Text Narration Component Type/ Notes to Developers WORKING SAFELY Hamed with colleagues in a demolition site Absolute MUST DO’s When N/A Engaging in Demolition Work. Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. Safety Tip # 1 Image: Working Safely Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. Old building showing service lines: cables for landline or electricity Safety Tip # 2 Image: Timber with nails on it. Safety Tip # 3 Image: Tradies working on a demolition site N/A Tip#1: Ensure all services are disconnected and then assume they are live until you have checked their disconnection. Working Safely N/A Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. N/A Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. Tip#2: Don’t put a piece of timber down if it still has nails sticking out of it. At least, bend them over first. Working Safely Tip#3: Always know where your coworkers are as you proceed with the job, so that you don’t inadvertently knock something down on them. Safety Tip # 4 Image: Tradie checking on the stability of a building structure Working Safely Image: Tradies wearing PPEs while engaging in demolition work Working Safely N/A Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. N/A Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. Tip#4: If in doubt about the stability of something, check with an experienced person. You don’t want a building collapsing on to you because you knocked out an important part of that building! Safety Tip # 5 Safety Tip # 6 Tip#5: Remember that damage being caused now (e.g. from breathing in asbestos) may not become obvious until years later. Image: Working Safely Tradie climbing up a ladder, both hands free of any materials Tip#6: Always have three points of contact on a ladder at any time. This means you should not carry large, heavy materials up and down ladders. Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure 1 N/A Images should be reflective of the onscreen text. Slide Title/ Slide Screenshot On-Screen Visuals Module 2: Demolition N/A On-Screen Text Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Work Procedures Narration Let’s move on to lesson 2: Demolishing Structures I! Component Type/ Notes to Developers Texts to appear in sync with the narration In this lesson, we will review the following procedures on demolition work: 1. Making a New Door or Window Opening 2. Supporting Walls 3. Removing an Internal LoadBearing Wall 1. Making a New Door or Window Opening 2. Supporting Walls and, 3. Removing an Internal Load-Bearing Wall Let’s go over each item more extensively! We now move on to lesson 2: Demolishing Structures 1 In this lesson, we’ll review the following procedures of demolition work: 1. Making a New Door or Window Opening 2. Supporting Walls and, 3. Removing an Internal Load-Bearing Wall Let’s look at each one! Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Procedure 1: Making a New Door or Structures within a building, such as doors, windows and load-bearing walls, Texts to appear in sync Window Opening need to be handled with care when being demolished. Remember that these with the narration. structures will need to be supported during the demolition process. Image is static. ● Load Distribution with Stretcher Bond Masonry It is necessary to support the Procedure 1: Making a New Door or Window Opening wall above the new opening. When it is decided that a new door or window needs to be set into a wall, it may be necessary to support the wall above the new opening. (Refer to the courseware for actual photos) ● Masonry walls don't have This is more important if the wall is masonry, because masonry don’t have much strength if the lower much strength if the lower material is removed. Masonry walls are supported materials are removed. on a line down from the opening following the vertical and horizontal joints. The image shows how the load is transferred. ● Masonry walls are supported on a line down from the Doors, windows and load-bearing walls all play a part in supporting the opening following the vertical building and need to be handled with care when being demolished. and horizontal joints. Remember that these pieces will need to be supported during the demolition process. Procedure 1 focuses on making a new door or window opening It’s been decided that a new door or window needs to be set into a wall, your first thought must be ‘does’ the wall above the new opening need to be supported? This is even more important if the wall is masonry as masonry becomes weak if the lower material is removed. Masonry walls are supported on a line down from the opening following the vertical and horizontal joints. The image shows how the load is transferred. Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Image: Procedure 1: Making a New Door or Masonry walls can be supported by cutting out some masonry over the Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Window Opening proposed opening and inserting a lintel of steel or masonry. Before inserting the new lintel, support the opening by making a hole above where the new Image is static. lintel will go and insert a support into the opening to hold up the masonry. ● Masonry walls can be supported by cutting out This allows the opening to be removed and the new lintel to be installed. some masonry over the proposed opening and inserting a lintel of steel or masonry. (Refer to the courseware for the actual photo) Pack the lintel tightly into position on supports cut into the side of the new opening and allow it to set before removing the lower wall to reveal the new opening. When the lintel is set and fully load-bearing, remove the needle and repair the hole. Take a look at this image. An opening made in a masonry wall. The opening battened out for fibrecement sheet lining (a lintel bar was placed over the opening). Masonry walls can be supported by cutting out some of the masonry over the proposed opening and inserting a lintel of steel or masonry. Before inserting the new lintel, support the opening by making a hole above it where the new lintel will go and insert a support into the opening to hold up the masonry. This allows the opening to be removed and the new lintel to be installed. Pack the lintel tightly into position on supports cut into the side of the new opening and allow it to set before removing the lower wall to reveal the new opening. When the lintel is set and fully load-bearing, remove the needle and repair the hole. Look at this image. An opening made in a masonry wall. The opening battened out for fibrecement sheet lining (a lintel bar was placed over the opening). Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Image: Procedure 1: Making a New Door or Window Opening This image shows a partially completed work of an opening made in a masonry wall. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Image is static. The second image shows the finished result viewed from the opposite side. This image shows a partially completed work of an opening made in a masonry wall. The second image shows the finished result viewed from the opposite side. Formatted: Indent: Left: 0" (Refer to the courseware for the actual photo) Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Background image: Tradies doing restoration jobs on a wall. Procedure 2: Supporting the Walls ● ● Walls can be supported by attaching a long piece of material to the walls and then bracing the material to a solid position. Supporting the walls Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Walls can be supported by attaching a long piece of material to the walls and then bracing the material to a solid position. Image is static. Restoration jobs will often require the removal of the main building with the facade of the original building being left in place. Restoration jobs will often This may involve using steel or timber supports to hold up the structure require the removal of the temporarily while the rest of the building is constructed. main building with the facade of the original building being When supporting the walls, they can be supported by attaching a long piece left in place. of material to the walls and then bracing the material to a solid position. Restoration jobs will often require the removal of the main building with the facade of the original building being left in place. This may involve using steel or timber supports to hold up the structure temporarily while the rest of the building is being constructed. Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Background image: Tradies doing restoration jobs on a ceiling. Procedure 3: Removing an Internal Load-Bearing Wall ● ● Removing an internal load-bearing wall Texts to appear in sync with the narration. When an internal load-bearing wall needs to be removed, the ceiling will need Image is static. When an internal load- temporary or permanent support. bearing wall needs to be removed, the ceiling will need An engineer may need to be consulted and an inspection of the roof space temporary or permanent necessary to determine the building’s ceiling type and roof structure. support. If the building has trusses, then the roof and ceiling may be supported on the If the building has trusses, outside walls only, making it easier to alter the internal walls. then the roof and ceiling may be supported on the outside When an internal load-bearing wall needs to be removed, the ceiling will need walls only, making it easier to temporary or permanent support. alter the internal walls. An engineer may need to be consulted and an inspection of the roof space necessary to determine the building’s ceiling type and roof structure. If the building has trusses, then the roof and ceiling may be supported on the outside walls only, making it easier to alter the internal walls. Formatted: Indent: Left: 0", First line: 0", Space After: 0 pt Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Background image: Tradies doing restoration jobs on a ceiling. Procedure 3: Removing an Internal Load-Bearing Wall ● ● A low roof may present problems when fitting any extra beams into the space. Cable supports and engineered beams may be suitable alternatives. The type of internal support needed will depend on how much room is available in the rood space. A low roof may present problems when fitting any extra beams into the space. Cable supports and engineered beams may be suitable alternatives. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Image is static. When there is plenty of room, it may be easy to install a beam over some other internal walls. Every building is different and sometimes an engineer will need to design a When there is plenty of room, solution for your structural alterations. it may be easy to install a beam over some other The type of internal support needed will depend on how much room is internal walls. available in the roof space. A low roof may present problems when fitting any extra beams into the space. Cable supports and engineered beams may be suitable alternatives. When there is plenty of room, it may be easy to install a beam over some of the internal walls. Every building is different and sometimes an engineer will need to design a solution for your structural alterations. Let’s review! Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) Lesson 2: Demolishing Structure I Time to review what we have learned! Texts to appear in sync with the narration. This is lesson 2: Demolishing Structures I. 1. Making a New Door or Window Opening Image is static. Here, we covered three procedures in demolition work: 2. Supporting Walls 3. Removing an Internal LoadBearing Wall 1. Making a New Door or Window Opening 2. Supporting Walls and, 3. Removing an Internal Load-Bearing Wall We emphasized the importance of handling buildings to be demolished with care, that these structures need to be supported during the demolition process. Masonry walls can be supported by cutting out some masonry over the proposed opening and inserting a lintel of steel or masonry. Walls can be supported by attaching a long piece of material to the walls and then bracing the material to a solid position. If the building has trusses, then the roof and ceiling may be supported on the outside walls only, making it easier to alter the internal walls. Procedures in demolishing structures will be continued in lesson 3! Now it’s time to review what we have learnt in lesson 2: Demolishing Structures 1. In this lesson we’ve covered three procedures that can be carried out in demolition work: 1. Making a New Door or Window Opening 2. Supporting Walls and, 3. Removing an Internal Load-Bearing Wall We’ve highlighted the importance of handling buildings to be demolished with care and that these buildings need to be supported during the demolition process. For example, masonry walls can be supported by cutting out some masonry over the proposed opening and inserting a lintel of steel or masonry. Walls can also be supported by attaching a long piece of metal or wood to the walls and then bracing the material to a solid position. If the building has trusses, then the roof and ceiling may be supported on the outside walls only, making it easier to alter the internal walls. Procedures in demolishing structures will be continued in lesson 3! Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Slide Title/ Slide Screenshot On-Screen Visuals Module 2: Demolition N/A On-Screen Text Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Work Procedures 1. Preventing Wall Collapse 2. Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall 3. Supporting the Ceiling Framing 4. Understanding the Properties of Materials 5. Using Tools to Break Up the Materials and, 6. Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials Narration You are now in Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II This lesson is the continuation of the discussion on the procedures on demolishing structure. Specifically, we will focus on the following procedures: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Preventing Wall Collapse Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall Supporting the Ceiling Framing Understanding the Properties of Materials Using Tools to Break Up the Materials and, Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials Component Type/ Notes to Developers Texts to appear in sync with the narration Let’s start! We now turn to Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II In this lesson we’ll continue the discussion on the procedures on demolishing buildings. We’ll focus on the following procedures: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Preventing Wall Collapse Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall Supporting the Ceiling Framing Understanding the Properties of Materials Using Tools to Break Up the Materials and, Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials Let’s start! Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Procedure # 4: Preventing Wall Collapse How to avoid wall collapse through careful planning: Mark out for Opening and Needle Prop Procedure # 4: Preventing Wall Collapse The images show how wall collapse can be avoided with careful planning. Note the staggered breaking away of the unsupported bricks at the top of the opening. One needle pin and two props through the centre of the opening may have stopped this collapse. Procedure # 4: Preventing Wall Collapse The images shows how wall collapse can be avoided with careful preplanning before you start the job. Note the staggered breaking away of the unsupported bricks at the top of the opening. One needle pin and two props through the centre of the opening could have stopped the wall from collapsing. Needle Prop in Place to Take Weight Above Show the images one by one at the end of the narration. Texts to appear in sync with narration Opening Formatted: Complex Script Font: +Body CS (Cordia New) Lintel in Place Ready for Bricks Completed Opening (Refer to the courseware for the actual photos) Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II N/A Procedure # 4: Preventing Wall Collapse From time to time, accidents occur involving walls collapsing. Your state or territory publishes alerts about these accidents and what you can do to avoid similar problems during demolition. Texts to appear in sync with narration How to avoid accidents involving walls collapsing: Here are some suggestions for avoiding such accidents. ■ Ensure workers are competent and are supervised by competent 1. Ensure workers are competent personnel. and are supervised by ■ Ensure the demolition procedure and plan are appropriate for and competent personnel. specific to the job. ■ When taking down entire masonry wall sections, never take down 2. Ensure the demolition procedure multiple rows of bricks at once and never start at the bottom, so as to and plan are appropriate for and avoid weakening walls. specific to the job. Without preplanning your immediate job will run into problems and the wall 3. When taking down entire may well collapse, so it’s important to take little time to plan how you’re going masonry wall sections, never to complete the job to avoid what could be a major problem. take down multiple rows of bricks at once and never start at the Your state or territory publishes alerts about these types of accidents and bottom, so as to avoid what you can do to avoid similar problems during demolition. weakening walls. Here are some suggestions for avoiding such accidents, they are. • • • N/A Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Ensure your workers are competent and are supervised by a competent person that understands what to do. Ensure the demolition procedure and plan are appropriate to complete the job safely. When you’re taking down entire masonry wall sections, it’s best to never take down multiple rows of bricks at once or start at the bottom, this way you’ll avoid weakening walls that have the potential to collapse. Texts to appear in sync with narration Procedure # 4: Preventing Wall Collapse ■ How to avoid accidents involving walls collapsing: Always finish removing an entire row before starting on the next one. • When removing masonry for an opening, always support the masonry above the opening with an appropriate method before you start to cut the opening. • • 4. Always finish removing an entire row before starting on the next one. Always finish removing an entire row before starting on the next one. When removing masonry at an opening, always support the masonry above the opening with the right type of support before you start to cut the opening. ■ 5. When removing masonry for an ■ opening, always support the ■ masonry above the opening. ■ Use exclusion zones to keep unwanted people out of the worksite. Don’t leave a wall standing if it is not supported against collapse. 6. Use exclusion zones to keep ■ unwanted people out of the worksite. ■ Use keep out or keep away signs to keep unwanted people out of the worksite. Never leave a wall standing if it is not supported against collapse. 7. Don’t leave a wall standing if it is not supported against collapse. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Image: Option 1: 3D demonstration of the procedure based on the narration Option 2: Image representing the narration Procedure # 5: Adding Weight to an Internal Wall Extra Procedure # 5: Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall If an internal timber wall is going to take extra weight for which it was not originally designed, cut out some of the top plate and punch a post into the wall space between the studs. If an internal timber wall is going to take extra weight for which it was not originally designed, cut out some of the top plate and punch a post into the wall space between the studs. 3D demonstration should move in sync with the narration. The noggins will knock out of the way and the post can be seated on the bottom plate. Some damage may be done to the wall surface as the noggin is moved, but this can be repaired later. If you are doing alterations that involve this type of work, then you will have bigger repairs to do than just fixing a few holes in a wall! Any point load support will need to be continued under the wall bottom plate and floor. More beams can be added under the floor, spanning some piers or additional footings and a new pier may need to be installed. Procedure # 5: Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall Formatted: Font: Not Bold, Not Italic, Complex Script Font: Bold, Italic If an internal timber wall is going to take extra weight for which it was not originally designed, it will need strengthening and you should cut out some of the top plate and punch a post into the wall space between the studs to support it. The noggins can be knocked out of the way and the post can be seated on the bottom plate. Some damage may be done to the wall surface as the noggin is moved, but this can be repaired later. If you are doing alterations that involve this type of work, then you will have bigger repairs to do than just fixing a few holes in a wall! Look for any points where load support will be needed, often support can be continued under the wall bottom plate and floor. Also, more beams can be added under the floor, spanning some piers or additional footings and a new pier may need to be installed. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II N/A Procedure # 6: Supporting the Ceiling Framing ● Procedure # 6: Supporting the Ceiling Framing For temporary support of ceiling framing, use large, flat materials that are For temporary support of ceiling propped from the floor and span over a large ceiling area. framing, use large, flat materials that are propped from the floor The load should be directly on to the ceiling framing and not just on the ceiling and span over a large ceiling lining. area. ● Make sure the floor can support the load until the new permanent support is The load should be directly on installed. If the floor isn’t strong enough to support any additional loads, then to the ceiling framing and not back propping may be needed. just on the ceiling lining. Procedure # 6: Supporting the Ceiling Framing Texts to appear in sync with narration ● Make sure the floor can For temporary support of the ceiling framing use large, flat materials that are support the load until the new propped up from the floor and can reach over a large area of ceiling. permanent support is installed. The load should be directly supported by the ceiling framing and not just on the ceiling lining. Make sure the floor can support the load until the new permanent support is installed. If the floor isn’t strong enough to support any additional loads, then back propping may be needed. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) Procedure # 7: Understanding the Properties of Materials Procedure # 7: Understanding the Properties of Materials Background image is static. It is useful to understand the Rather than randomly cutting into part of the building, it is better to remove properties of the materials that you materials piece by piece to reveal what is inside. may be demolishing. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Examples would be: It is useful to understand the properties of the materials that you may be demolishing. ● Plasterboard has a cardboard For example: coating on either side which, when cut, will become brittle and ● Plasterboard has a cardboard coating on either side which, when cut, will snap easily. will become brittle and will snap easily. ● Masonry is brittle in any direction and all the way through. It can be chipped away slowly or quickly. ● Masonry is brittle in any direction and all the way through. It can be chipped away slowly or quickly. The cracking will usually follow the mortar, which is normally softer. ● Timber has a grain structure and is easily worked with as long as you remember that timber is weak along the grain and strong across the grain. ● Timber has a grain structure and is easily worked with as long as you remember that timber is weak along the grain and strong across the grain. When demolishing timber, use this characteristic to your advantage by cutting across the timber and splitting along the grain. Sometimes it is possible to cut across the grain with a saw (power or hand, often using the end part of the handsaw blade) or by chiselling across the grain and chipping material out with the chisel. Procedure # 7: Understanding the Properties of Materials It’s not a good idea to cut into the building where you think you should because it looks easy, it’s much safer to remove materials piece by piece so you know what’s hidden behind them. Having a good understanding of the properties of the materials that you may be demolishing is always useful and will save you time. So good planning and tool selection is important. For example, what tools would you select to use with these types of materials… ● Plasterboard has a cardboard coating on either side which, when cut, will become brittle and will snap easily. ● Masonry is brittle in any direction and all the way through. It can be chipped away slowly or quickly. The cracking will usually follow the mortar, which is normally softer. ● Timber has a grain structure and is easily worked with as long as you remember that timber is weak along the grain and strong across the grain. When demolishing timber decide which way, the grain runs to make it easier to remove. Sometimes it is possible to cut across the grain with a power or hand saw, or by using a chisel across the grain and chipping material out with the chisel until you’ve completed the job. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) Procedure # 8: Using Tools to Break up the Material ● ● ● ● Procedure # 8: Using Tools to Break up the Material Background image is static. Small demolition hammers (used for small jobs) and jackhammers (for large jobs) produce a lot of force when used correctly and are very useful in demolition work. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Small demolition hammers (used for small jobs) and jackhammers (for large jobs) These tools use either air power or electrical power and can have differentproduce a lot of force when used shaped bits attached. correctly and are very useful in demolition work. Some smaller machines will drill and hammer and can break up material more easily. However, they can shake the operator around a lot, so you Smaller machines will drill and should read and adhere to the operating instructions and take regular breaks. hammer and can break up material more easily. Some large hand-operated machines can demolish a lot of material easily. Depending on the amount of room you have to work in, it is often better to Large hand-operated machines get a machine that is larger than you need and not work it as hard, than to can demolish a lot of material get a machine that is too small which has to work too hard. You will tire easily. yourself out faster with an undersized machine. A large sledgehammer and a A large sledgehammer and a crowbar can be used to break up concrete. crowbar can be used to break up Place the crowbar under the concrete path and,using a piece of material to concrete. lever the crowbar up on, lift the path off the ground and have someone hit the concrete with the sledgehammer. Hitting the concrete at its weakest point will give the best result. Repeat the process until the concrete is small enough to take away as a clean hard fill. Procedure # 8: Using Tools to Break up the Material Tool selection is very important and the rule of thumb is that small tools like demolition hammers are used for small jobs and larger tools like jackhammers are used for large jobs. Both small and big tools in the right hands can produce a lot of force and are very useful in demolition work. Many tools that are air or electrically powered can be used for many different jobs as they come with a selection of different-shaped bits and attachments. Some smaller machines will drill and hammer and can break up material more easily. But, they can also shake the operator around a lot, so you should read and follow the operating instructions and take regular breaks. If you have plenty of space to use a large hand-operated machine which can demolish a lot of material easily, it’s often better to get a machine that is larger than you need to do the job and not work it as hard as a smaller machine would have to work. Having the right tool will help you make the job easier and won’t tire you out as quickly as using a tool that is too small for the job. For example, a large sledgehammer and a crowbar can be used to break up concrete. Place the crowbar under the concrete path and use a piece of material to lever the crowbar up on, lift the path off the ground and have your mate hit the concrete with the sledgehammer. Hitting the concrete at its weakest point will give the best result. Repeat the process until the concrete is small enough to take away as a clean hard fill. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed storing demolished materials Procedure # 9: Removing, Sorting Procedure # 9: Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials and Storing Materials Background image is static. If required (as part of the plan), remove and sort all fixtures and fittings within Texts to appear in sync If required, remove and sort all the demolition area inside the building. with the narration. fixtures and fittings within the demolition area inside the building. This will include removing materials listed on the pre-work audit which may include sinks, stoves, cabinetry, internal doors and anything that may be able to be resold or recycled. This will include removing materials Procedure # 9: Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials listed on the pre-work audit which may include sinks, stoves, cabinetry, If required (as part of the plan), remove and sort all fixtures and fittings within internal doors and anything that may the demolition area inside the building. be able to be resold or recycled. This will include removing materials listed on the pre-work audit which may include sinks, stoves, cabinetry, internal doors and anything that may be able to be resold or recycled. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed storing demolished materials Hamed storing demolished materials Procedure # 9: Removing, Sorting Procedure # 9: Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials and Storing Materials Background image is static. If required (as part of the plan), remove and sort all fixtures and fittings within Texts to appear in sync If required (as part of the plan), the demolition area inside the building. with the narration. remove and sort all fixtures and fittings within the demolition area This will include removing materials listed on the pre-work audit which may inside the building. include sinks, stoves, cabinetry, internal doors and anything that may be able to be resold or recycled. This will include removing materials listed on the pre-work audit which may include sinks, stoves, cabinetry, internal doors and anything that may be able to be resold or recycled. Key Points to Remember when Key points to remember when removing, sorting and re-using material. Removing, Sorting and Re-using Materials: ■ Remove and sort outside material such as stormwater materials, windows and external doors, keeping it separate from inside material. 1. Remove and sort outside Inside material is normally more fragile. (Be aware of hazardous material such as stormwater materials such as lead.) materials, windows and external doors, keeping it ■ Follow your state/territory codes of removal of any hazardous materials. separate from inside material. This could involve sealing the area with a PVA/water mixture and allowing that to dry before commencing work, so that hazardous fibres and dust are coated and held in place. (On older buildings, this could be Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. 2. Follow your state/territory codes of removal of any hazardous materials. 3. Remove and sort roof covering materials by removing the fasteners and ■ then passing the roofing down to the ground. wall cladding/lining or roof coverings.) Asbestos lining/cladding can be removed (check your state or territory’s regulations about dealing with asbestos) by releasing the fasteners and then talking down the sheeting. Don’t use grinders or power tools that create dust and don’t water blast the product. Remove and sort roof covering materials by removing the fasteners and then passing the roofing down to the ground. Avoid throwing or dropping the material because of the dangers associated with this and the creation of dust. Lower the material to the ground with ropes or pulley systems if someone experienced in this work is supervising the process. Key points to remember when removing, sorting and re-using material. • Remove and sort outside material such as stormwater materials, windows and external doors, keeping these materials separate from inside material. Inside material is normally more fragile. (Be aware of hazardous materials such as lead.) • Follow your state/territory codes of removal of any hazardous materials. This could involve sealing the area with a PVA/water mixture and allowing that to dry before commencing work, so that hazardous fibres and dust are coated and held in place. (In older buildings, this could be wall cladding/lining or roof coverings.) Asbestos lining/cladding can be removed (check your state or territory’s regulations about dealing with asbestos) by releasing the fasteners and then taking down the sheeting. Don’t use grinders or power tools that create dust and don’t water blast the product. And make sure your wearing the right PPE! • Remove and sort roof covering materials by removing the fasteners and then passing the roofing down to the ground. Avoid throwing or dropping the material because of the dangers associated with this and the creation of dust. Lower the material to the ground with ropes or pulley systems and make sure that someone experienced in this work is supervising the process. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed storing demolished materials Key Points to Remember when Key points to remember when removing, sorting and re-using material. Removing, Sorting and Re-using Materials: ■ 4. Remove and sort the roof framing structure, rafters or trusses. 5. Remove and sort the wall framing wall by wall. ■ ■ 6. Consider taking down timber walls by cutting angled sawcuts through them so they ■ come apart easily. 7. Remove floor framing joist by joist and then bearer by bearer, using one joist as a lever to pry the other joist of the bearer. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync Remove and sort the roof framing structure, rafters or trusses. At this with the narration. stage the building could become unstable, so temporary bracing may be necessary, just as it was when the building was when the building was constructed originally. Remove and sort the wall framing wall by wall. Consider taking down timber walls by cutting angled saw-cuts through them so they come apart easily. Remove floor framing joist by joist and then bearer by bearer, using one joist as a lever to pry the other joist of the bearer. Prying, rather than hitting with a sledgehammer, will create less dust and less danger to the workers. • Remove and sort the roof framing structure, rafters or trusses. At this stage the building could become unstable, so temporary bracing may be necessary just like it was done when the building was constructed originally. • Remove and sort the wall framing wall by wall. • Consider taking down timber walls by cutting angled saw-cuts through them so they come apart easily. • Remove floor framing joist by joist and then bearer by bearer, using one joist as a lever to pry the other joist off the bearer. Prying, rather than hitting with a sledgehammer, will create less dust and be a safer way to do this job. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed storing demolished materials Key Points to Remember when Key points to remember when removing, sorting and re-using material. Removing, Sorting and Re-using Materials: ■ 8. Brickwork usually only requires loosening with a sledgehammer and it can then be taken down piece by piece. 9. Concrete removal will depend on things like the size of the ■ job and reinforcing. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync Brickwork usually only requires loosening with a sledgehammer and it with the narration. can then be taken down piece by piece. If removing walls by machine, then remove other materials off the brickwork first, allowing the machine to collect only those bricks that can be recycled or used as clean hard fill or cleaned and re-laid. Safe support of brickwork requires knowing how brickwork performs as a building material. It is heavy and can cause injury when falling, so be careful. Concrete removal will depend on things like the size of the job and reinforcing. Concrete is usually easy to dispose of because it is considered clean hard fill that is inert. One of the biggest dangers here is with manual handling. Because concrete can be heavy, take care when handling it manually. • Brickwork can be difficult to demolish so loosening the easy points first and then using a sledgehammer for the heavy work will help you to take the brickwork down piece by piece. If removing walls by machine, then remove other materials off the brickwork first, allowing the machine to collect only those bricks that can be recycled or used as clean hard fill or cleaned and re-laid. Safe support of brickwork requires knowing how brickwork performs as a building material. Bricks are heavy and can cause injury when falling, so be careful and wear your hardhat. • Concrete removal will depend on the size of the job and how the concrete has been reinforced. However, concrete is usually easy to dispose of because it is considered clean hard fill that is inert. One of the biggest dangers here is with manual handling because concrete can be heavy, so take care when you’re lifting it by hand. Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Background image: Hamed working on a demolition area, covered with dust. Effective Ways to Suppress Dust: 1. Hose down the area and keep it damp. Dust is a major cause of problems on a demolition site but it can be controlled Background image is static. in many ways. Some effective ways to suppress dust include: Texts to appear in sync Hose down the area and keep it damp (be aware of any associated with the narration. electrical and slipping hazards) 2. Seal off the area from dust ■ Seal off the area from dust escape with plastic where possible, although escape with plastic where this is difficult for large areas possible. ■ Use wet hessian sheeting where possible to suppress dust and prevent it from escaping 3. Use wet hessian sheeting. Spray dusty areas with a weak glue mixture to assist in holding the dust in place without the hazards created by wet surfaces. One of the major 4. Spray dusty areas with a problems on a demolition site is dust but it can be controlled. For example, weak glue mixture to assist in some of the effective ways to help stop dust is to: holding the dust in place. ■ • Hose down the area with water and keep it damp but be aware of any electrical and slipping hazards. • You can seal off the work area to stop dust escaping by using plastic sheets where possible, although this can be difficult for large areas • If available use wet hessian sheeting where possible to stop dust escaping ■• Spray dusty areas with a weak glue mixture to assist in holding the dust in place without the hazards created by watered surfaces. Formatted: List Paragraph, Bulleted + Level: 1 + Aligned at: 0.25" + Indent at: 0.5" Formatted: Font color: Red Let’s summarize! Lesson 3: Demolishing Structure II Let’s recap what we have learned! Background image is static. In this lesson, we discussed the nitty gritty details of demolishing work procedures. This is to ensure that health and safety of the workers are top in mind and that efficiency in work is always considered. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Background image: Hamed (seen holding hand tools/equipment for demolition work) 1. Preventing Wall Collapse 2. Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall 3. Supporting the Ceiling Framing 4. Understanding the Properties of Materials 5. Using Tools to Break Up the Materials and,6. Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials We reviewed the following work procedures in detail: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Preventing Wall Collapse Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall Supporting the Ceiling Framing Understanding the Properties of Materials Using Tools to Break Up the Materials and,6. Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials We also touched on some key points and tips that will be helpful for you when you will be engaged in demolition work. Let’s recap on what we’ve learnt this lesson! We’ve looked at the details of demolishing work procedures with importance being placed on health and safety to ensure the workers are kept safe and can work efficiently. We also reviewed the following work procedures in some detail: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Preventing Wall Collapse Adding Extra Weight to an Internal Wall Supporting the Ceiling Framing Understanding the Properties of Materials Using Tools to Break Up the Materials and 6. Removing, Sorting and Storing Materials Finally, we touched on some key points and tips that would be helpful in demolition work. Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures Lesson 4: Recycling and Cleaning Up Slide Title/ Slide Screenshot Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures On-Screen Visuals Background image: Hamed storing demolished materials On-Screen Text Lesson 2: Recycling and Cleaning Up Narration Welcome to lesson 3: Recycling Component Type/ Notes to Developers and Cleaning Up! This is the last lesson to Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures. This is a brief lesson providing pointers in recycling and cleaning up after demolition work. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Let’s get to it! We now turn to Lesson 3: Recycling and Cleaning Up! This is the last lesson in Module 2: Demolition Work Procedures. This is a brief but important lesson providing pointers in recycling and cleaning up after demolition work. Let’s get to it! Lesson 2: Recycling and Cleaning Up Infographic showing the 5 pointers Pointers in Recycling and Cleaning Up: Ease of clean-up will depend on how well you have demolished the building. Infographic is static. Here are some pointers in recycling and cleaning up after demolition: 1. If the demolished material has been stacked and sorted, it will be easier to remove from the site. 2. When removing asbestos, there needs to be a pallet under the plastic so the plastic-wrapped asbestos isn’t disturbed. 1. If the demolished material has been stacked and sorted, it will be easier to remove from the site. Companies specialising in removing materials are more willing to collect it if it is sorted into categories. Some material may not need removing - for example, plasterboard may be rotary-hoed into the ground. 2. When removing asbestos, there needs to be a pallet under the plastic so the plastic-wrapped asbestos isn’t disturbed. Of course, check with your local authority and always use licensed contractors for asbestos removal. Any easy clean-up will depend on how well you have demolished the building! Here are some pointers in recycling and cleaning up after a demolition: 1. If the demolished material has been stacked and sorted properly, it will be easier to remove from the site. You might consider using a company that specialize in removing materials, if you’ve stacked and sorted properly these types of companies are more willing to collect. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. Some material may not need removing - for example, plasterboard may be rotary-hoed into the ground. 2. When removing asbestos take special care, there needs to be a pallet under the plastic so the plastic-wrapped asbestos isn’t disturbed. Of course, check with your local authority and always use licensed contractors for asbestos removal. Lesson 2: Recycling and Cleaning Up Infographic showing the 5 pointers Pointers in Recycling and Cleaning Up: 1.3. After removal of the sorted material occurs, re-levelling of the site or preparation for any new ground work can commence. 2.4. If only part of a building is demolished, it may be necessary to cover the remainder of the building. 3.5. Don’t use the hazardous materials for anything else once they are removed. More pointers in recycling and cleaning up: 3. After removal of the sorted material occurs, re-levelling of the site or preparation for any new ground work can commence, for example, new footings may need to be tied into the existing footings in accordance with the tying-in details provided by an engineer. This work is much easier when the site is clear and services are made good or stopped off correctly. 4. If only part of a building is demolished it may be necessary to cover the remainder of the building. Use tarpaulins or some old roof sheeting or wall cladding to cover areas that need to be kept dry. 5. Don’t use the hazardous materials for anything else once they are removed. Secure them according to the regulations in your state or territory and dispose of them at approved disposal places. Other tips in the recycling and cleaning up stage are: 3. After you’ve removed all of the sorted material you can look to relevelling the site or prepare any new ground work that needs doing, for example, new footings may need to be tied into the existing footings in accordance with the tying-in details provided by the engineer. This work is much easier when the site is clear and services are made good or stopped off correctly. Infographic is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. 4. If only part of a building was demolished you’ll have to cover the exposed part of the building. Use tarpaulins or old roof sheeting or wall cladding to cover the areas that need to be kept dry. 5. Don’t use hazardous materials for anything else once they’ve been removed. Just secure them according to the regulations in your state or territory and dispose of them at an approved disposal centre. Let’s sum it up! Background image: Hamed storing demolished materials Lesson 4: Recycling and Cleaning Up Pointers: 1. Stack and sort demolished material for easier removal from the site. 2. Procedure on removing asbestos 3. Re-levelling of the sire or preparation for new ground work can start after removal of the demolished materials 4. Cover the part of the building that is not part of the demolition 5. Don’t use hazardous materials for anything. In this lesson, we reviewed the 5 points in recycling and cleaning up after demolition work has been done. These are: 1. Stack and sort demolished material for easier removal from the site. 2. Procedure on removing asbestos 3. Re-levelling of the sire or preparation for new ground work can start after removal of the demolished materials 4. Cover the part of the building that is not part of the demolition 5. Don’t use hazardous materials for anything. This ends module 2: Demolition Work Procedures. To process the information, take a look at the summary of this course. In this lesson, we reviewed the 5 points in the recycling and cleaning up after demolition work has been finished. These are: 1. Stack and sort demolished material for easier removal from the site. 2. Procedure on removing asbestos 3. Re-levelling of the site or preparation for new ground work can start after removal of the demolished materials 4. Cover the part of the building that is not part of the demolition 5. Don’t use hazardous materials for anything else. To process the information, take a look at the summary of this course. Background image is static. Texts to appear in sync with the narration. This is the last lesson for this module 2 and ends our journey with Demolition Work Procedures. We hope that you enjoyed learning with us and look forward to seeing you again. Thank you!