Abhishek Paul

FINGERPRINT DOORLOCK USING NODEMCU GUIDED BY- PROF. SWATILEKHA DAS GROUP MEMBERS ROLL NO ABHISHEK CHAKRABORTY 02 ABHISHEK PAUL 03 ANKIT KUMAR 06 PRAVEEN KUMAR 35 RAJIB KUMAR GIRI 38 TABLE OF CONTENT  Abstract  Components required  Architecture  Block diagram  Working  Components and their use  Application  Advantages  Future scope  Conclusion  References ABSTRACT Privacy and security have become very essential part of our life. This there is a constant urge to upgrade our security features so that we can protect our assets. Gone are the days of passwords and pin controlled locks as they are not immune to hacks and can be fooled easily. That’s where fingerprint controlled locks have the edge as they are unique for every person and cannot be guessed or hacked. In this project we will make a doorlock which can be only opened by the fingerprints of particular people whose fingerprints are already stored in a database thus giving access to certain people only. COMPONENTS REQUIRED HARDWARE COMPONENTS  FINGERPRINT SENSOR  NODEMCU  5V SINGLE CHANNEL RELAY  SOLENOID LOCK  5V AND 12V ADAPTORS SOFTWARE  EMBEDDED C  ARDUINO IDE  WINDOWS 10 OS ARCHITECTURE  The NodeMCU is at the centre of the system and everything is controlled by it.  A 5V adaptor is connected to the USB plug of the NodeMCU to power it.  The fingerprint sensor module is powered by the NodeMCU by connecting positive and the negative pin of the module with 3V and GNd pin of NodeMCU respectively.  The data pins of the sensor module RX and TX is connected with D5 and D6 pin respectively.  D7 pin of the NodeMCU is connected to signal pin a 5V single channel relay operating in Normally Open (N/O) mode.  Further the positive and negative pin if the relay is connected to 3V and GND pin of the NodeMCU respectively.  The solenoid lock is powered using a 12v adaptor which can be connected to any typical home plug.  The positive wire of the adaptor is connected directly to the negative wire of the solenoid lock.  The negative wire of the adaptor is dived in half ,and the first one is inserted in the N/O pin of the relay.  One side of the other half is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid lock and the other is inserted in the common(COMM) pin of the relay.  Whenever a print matches the D7 pins becomes high and the relay is activated and the solenoid lock is opens. BLOCK DIAGRAM WORKING A fingerprint controlled door lock uses a biometric scanner which scans the fingerprint and sends it to the Arduino which compares it with an already stored fingerprint and opens the lock if both the print matches.  There are two stages in this system: 1.Enrollment- The process of uploading all the prints of the users. 2.Verification-The process of matching an entered print with the prints obtained during enrollment to grant access. COMPONENTS WORKING SENSOR WORKING  We have used a InventoR307 Fingerprint Reader in this project, it uses an optical sensor.  Optical sensors works on the concepts of total internal reflection and evanescent waves .  Inside an optical sensor light shines on a glass at an angle steep enough to cause total internal reflection.  Optical sensor used LEDs as the light source and the light is reflected back to a light sensitive microchip from the glass.  When there is no finger in contact with the glass light returns to a lights sensitive microchip normally. But when a finger is pressed against the glass the ridges in the fingerprint comes in contact with the evanescent waves and cause frustrated total internal reflection.  No light is reflected to from the ridges of the finger to the light sensitive microchip and thus those areas appears dark and an image of the the fingerprint is obtained. HOW FINGERPRINTS ARE SCANNED AND STORED  After the image of a fingerprint is obtained it analyzed for specific features called minutiae, where the lines in your fingerprint terminate or split in two.  The controller measures the distances and angles between these features a bit like drawing lines between them and then uses an algorithm to turn this information into a unique numeric code.  Comparing fingerprints is then simply a matter of comparing their unique codes. If the codes match, the prints match, and the person gains access. NODEMCU  It is an open source IOT platform.  ESP8266 is the microcontroller used in NodeMCU, which is a Wi-Fi chip with 32 bit microcontroller.  The Wi-Fi module used in NodeMCU is ESP-12E.  We have used a Lolin V3 NodeMCU for this project. NODEMCU SPECIFICATIONS  Microcontroller: Tensilica 32-bit RISC CPU Xtensa LX106  Operating Voltage: 3.3V  Input Voltage: 7-12V  Digital I/O Pins (DIO): 16  Analog Input Pins (ADC): 1  UARTs: 1  SPIs: 1  I2Cs: 1  Flash Memory: 4 MB  SRAM: 64 KB  Clock Speed: 80 Mhz ESP-12E Wi-Fi Module Pinout  Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 b/g/n  The code is compiled in the NodeMCU using Arduino IDE, then uploaded to the main microcontroller of the NodeMCU using a USB connection. USE OF NODEMCU  The NodeMCU is coded to firstly take the prints and store them in a database .  After storing the prints whenever a finger is placed against the biometric sensor it matches it with the the previously stored prints.  If thes print matches the D7 pin of the NodeMCU becomes high and a mail is sent to a registered mail. RELAY  A relay is an electromagnetic switch operated by a relatively small electric current that can turn on or off a much larger load.  A relay has two modesI. Normally Open(N/O) II. Normally Closed(N/C)  We have used a 5V single channel relay which can operate in both modes although for this project only N/O mode is required.  A N/O mode relay consists of two circuits when the current flows though the first circuit generating an electromagnetic field.  The electromagnetic field attracts a contact and activates the second circuit. 1stCIRCUIT 2nd CIRCUIT  The relay is controlled by the NodeMCU and acts as a switch for the solenoid lock.  The +VE,-VE and Signal(S) pin of the relay is connected with 3V,GND and D7 pin of the NodeMCU.  In order to activate a relay in N/O mode we have to make the signal pin high.  The solenoid lock is connected to the relay by connecting the –VE terminal of the lock with common point (COMM) of the relay.  The N/O point of the relay is connected with the negative terminal of the adapter which is used to power the solenoid lock. SOLENOID LOCK  A solenoid lock is basically an electromagnetic lock which consists of an electromagnet and an armature plate.  There are two main types of electric locking devices : i.Fail safe: Locking devices are unlocked when de-energized.. ii. Fail-secure : Locking device remains locked when power is lost.  The used in this project is of fail secure type. lock  The principle behind an electromagnetic lock is the use of electromagnetism to lock a door when energized.  it consists of an electromagnet attracting a conductor with a force large enough to prevent the door from being opened BLYNK APP  This app has been used to provide the necessary interface required between our hardware components and internet in order to send the email every time a the lock is opens.  First we need to download the app and then register into the app with an email id.  Upon registering we would receive an authentication code at the email one registered through.  Finally, one has to activate the notification via email option in the app and pass the authentication code and the email id in our main program to complete the interface between hardware and internet to send mail whenever the lock opens. POWER SUPPLY  In this project power supply is mainly required for the solenoid door lock and the NodeMCU.  We have made the system such that it can draw power from any typical home plug through adaptors.  A 5V adaptor and 12V adaptor is used to power the solenoid lock and the NodeMCU. APPLICATION Fingerprint based lock can be implemented almost everywhere where we need to safeguard something valuable or important. Some of them are listed below:  For home purpose.  In banks and lockers.  In offices where sensitive documents are stored.  Can be used in cars to start the car and open locks. ADVANTAGES  Fingerprints are not needed to be memorized like passwords or pins and thus are very easy to use.  Its easy to hack passwords or pin controlled locks as they can be guessed but fingerprints are unique for every person and thus locks based on fingerprints cannot be hacked. Thus such locks provides more security. FUTURE SCOPE Fingerprint based lock technology has shifted from just being used as locks to guard doors and safes to being used in smartphones as the demand for fingerprint technology rises it is bound to evolve. Some of the advancements that can be made are :  It can be programmed in such a way that instead of using a biometric sensor people can open lock using their smartphones.  By adding alarm system which will notify the user in case someone tries to break the lock forcefully. CONCLUSION Fingerprint is the cheapest, fastest, most convenient and most reliable way to identify someone. Fingerprint authentication has many usability advantages over traditional systems such as passwords. The greatest strength of Fingerprint recognition is the fact that the Fingerprint does not change over time, at the same time its is its greatest liability. Today, fingerprint recognition technology is used for security purposes, to restrict access or to protect computers. As fingerprint recognition technology develops, it is expected that more affordable and more portable fingerprint recognition devices will become available, and finger-print recognition will be considered a safe and convenient personal identification system. Eventually, fingerprint recognition will be used to secure the safety and reliability of a variety of businesses in the industrial sector, including the personal devices and financial industry. REFFERENCE https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/what-is-an-arduino/all https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/understanding-arduino-uno-hardware-design/ https://www.explainthatstuff.com/fingerprintscanners.html THANK YOU