Abdul Wahab

Guidelines for increasing interactivity in multimedia application and the benefits of using of related interactions. INTRODUCTION Interactive multimedia is a compilation of the elements text, color, graphics, animation, audio and video. The literal meaning of multimedia streaming is that there are more than one media type involve in communication that involve text, graphic, voice, animation, video and audio. Multimedia can be defined to donate the property of handling various media representation in integrated manner. This means that these sources of media are integrated into a single system framework. Nowadays there are three incompatible priority solutions which are offered by real networks, Microsoft, Apple which dominate internet and mobile streaming software market. The most recent creativity in technology is that to capture the interest of businesses of multimedia. Basically multimedia involves mixing of images, graphics, sound, video, text, tubular information with in human interface. Multimedia facilities can be used for video conferencing, personal training as well as interactive mechanism between management and their employees. The multimedia system is a system capable of processing multimedia data and applications. A multimedia system is categories as follows. By process, storage, generating, manipulation and rendition of multimedia information, the characteristics of multimedia are as follows; Multimedia system must be computer controlled – computer systems using technology has made essential roles that is being performed and represented to multimedia system. Otherwise if no computer controlled or no computer input the end product would be vague. Therefore for a multimedia system to be operated or used the platform such as IPad, Smart Phones etc. The other characteristic of multimedia system that they are integrated as multimedia system is categories by the group of the information which is being processed which is being generated and manipulated. Therefore, all multimedia system should be integrated to give positive and effective response in order to use these applications made under the heading of multimedia system. Beside this the other characteristic that is being more specific is the information they handle must be represented digitally. For the communication purpose to be more specific the information should be complete and understandable The demand for using multimedia in everyday business does not appear to be strong, despite the improvements in communication multimedia are at peak. Essentially a multimedia system allows the end user to share communicate and process a variety of forms of information in integrated manner. Ted Nelson was the technology pioneer who develops hypertext system in 1960s. He studied the ability of browsing and searching information by a multidirectional, linked approach. He proposed nonhierarchical approach to storage, generating, manipulation and rendition of multimedia information. His studies opened the doors to the multimedia which extensive use of Hypertext Markup Language. For example, HTML is the major programming or Markup language to use for the formation of websites. In linear multimedia the programs are linear and designed for sequential view and reading. This information is predefined starting point and logical ending point. Linear presentation can be programmed so that every screen spread at a time interval. The approaches is planned for display purposes, it experience is generally passive reception by the viewer, without any hope to participate. It needs to take action by pressing key or touching screen and the developer, rather than the user program control. An example of linear multimedia is a PowerPoint presentation, windows photo viewers. In nonlinear multimedia programs a user in some way interacts with computer program. User control and command on the program from first point to end point. In a simple way, nonlinear programs create some kind of connection and interaction between user and medium. There is variety of options and pathways for user to select menu or keys that guides in different ways to access the new information. In nonlinear programs user is free to explore the information or data because there is no path restrictions. In these moods getting information from program or application user follows different ways. An example of nonlinear interactive multimedia is an information touchscreen that allows visitors to learn more. They can explore historical information by reading text on the subject, viewing images and maps, watching videos, listening to sound recordings. According to Newton and Rogers (2001) multimedia is a set of computer driven interactive communication system which create to create store, transmit retrieve textual, 3D and graphic and auditory network of information. According to Shuell and Farber (2001) multimedia involves the processing, storage, generation, manipulation, rendition of multimedia information categories multimedia system and the resources could include online text files, picture, video, database archive, library, catalogue, course notes relevant links to various websites and easy to excess search engines. Google plays a vital role in multimedia processing data and applications e.g. android and windows phone application have affiliation with Google ads and applications. On the other hand mobile multimedia application in order to create new audio video services and application that make the most of communication networks and use mobile devices for stream line and to create new opportunities in the sector. Developments of video games, entertainment applications are the part of mobile multimedia application. They are developing in any format by the help of multimedia. According to Aberson, Berger, Helay, Kyle and Romero (2000) emphasis that multimedia technology end up in addressing and activity that is fundamental to academic and art of teaching. According to Orr, Poindexter, Allen (2001) concluded that using multimedia based information technology in learning would positively impact learning. According to Schilit et al. (1994) “adapt according to the location of use, the collection of nearby people, hosts and accessible devices as well as to changes to such things over time. The ability of an application to automatically change their behavior depending on the context is particularly useful in portable devices because they reduce the number of interactions with the device. In this regard, several models were introduced user interfaces, in particular: Perceptual interfaces According to Turk & Robertson (2000) as being able to add human-like perceptual capabilities to an application. For instance, an application may be aware of what the user is saying or what the user’s face, body, and hands are doing. Computer vision-based interfaces According to Turk (2004) as those that “look at people” and aim at determining the user’s focus of attention based on visual clues. Attentive interfaces, pointed out by Vertegaal (2003), aim at understanding what the user might be interested in at a given time and context and generate relevant information accordingly. Multimodal interfaces, An overview is presented by Oviatt & Cohen (2000) that integrate, “in an homogeneous way, different human communication mechanisms like speech, gestures and eyes and body movements”. According to Schuell and Farber (2001) reported that multimedia application lead to increase the quality of interaction between students with their lecturers as well as learn them to perceive their lecturers as technologically competent and thus students have reported an increase in literacy after exposure to multimedia technology. A meta-analysis of instructional media found that computer based instructions improves student attitude toward learning and content itself. According to Guttormsen and Krueger (2000) opined that multimedia resources add new dimensions to learning experience. Multimedia information sources present exciting possibilities for increasingly sophisticated and evocative presentation of material in many field of education. Wide spread use of this technology has implication for learning research local network capabilities and the services provided by libraries. Most concepts are easier to present when words are complimented with pictures, graphics and animation. The density of experience aids retention and recall by engaging social and emotional as well as intellectual responses. INCREASING INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA APPLICATION The term interactive multimedia is use to describe a scientific and creative research field within multimedia that supports expression or communication through multiple media with the ability to influence and alter their context. The term interactive multimedia is defined as the combination of technology and multimedia contents for development and appraisal of interdisciplinary system employed in a various application including research, education and interactive arts. According to Manovich (2002) refers to “interactive media” and the varying interaction level involve: “when we use concept of the interactive media exclusively in relation to computer based media, there is a danger that we interrupt interaction literally, equating with physical interaction between a use and media object, at the sake of psychological interaction”. This statement considers that beyond the danger to reduce the meaning of interaction to human action and reaction provided that they are used in manner that enables interaction. Designing interactive multimedia application that adapt short term and long-term user need is clearly and intricate process. Today in the era of technology the leading and social software developers have researched and identified the significance of chronological user driven information, as the temporal data analysis can be employed to identify user’s trends preferences, social text and the other valuable information to furnish systems with additional functionality. When social networking system are used in passive mode they may be contrast to non-interactive media such as television where the user can sit back and observe what others do. Even so multimedia contents display in live mode triggers the user to react introducing and action with the reaction in response that is channeled through the system in multimedia cycle. Multimedia offers many possibilities for work place and training. The efforts of the computer companies towards this goal have been widely represented in the literature such organization has recognized that most student do not learn by doing and therefore should not be force to do so. For this kind of conflict many organization and companies have designed and educational software with the help of multimedia computers that support active participation and empowers the students. According to Schank (1994) the main element that should be considered when designing multimedia software are natural learning, stimulation based learning by doing, incidental learning, enlivening geographically rejecting rout memorization learning by reflection, readers empowerment, motivating reading skills, case based teaching, learning by exploring , one on one teaching, goal directed learning, and museum visitors counselor. For example, employees a training and job aided multimedia application that uses still images taken directly from microscope and graphics that are used to train instructor. From the develop perspective, building interactive multimedia application past was an expensive production task required a team of expert, industrial level equipment and access to marketing routs. The open sources software and the availability and libraries and tutorials has enabled unprofessional developer to implement, and to provide new tools application and services to design. This innovation data offers access and manipulation capabilities through interface which deals the technological issues that often arise in rich media applications such as quality of service. Software developer believe that the essential factors that support the growth of interactive media include the increase users research interest the oversize market demand and the availability of open programming development tools. As a consequence the software development process today is simplified as a personal computer with appropriate software utilize to create high level multimedia applications. As multimedia combines the technology of video and computers, these combinations create most important advantages that offer a unique environment for interactivity, learner control, student interest and motivation. Basically the quality of instructional multimedia system depends on the integration of technology and information. It is considered that multimedia and its technology with its brilliant prospect is influencing our class room teaching and learning. Many research shows that an effective program use the capability of network multimedia application to amplify information and y varying the use future such as color display, text and others. Interactive multimedia is an emerging field and line, interactive multimedia services are steadily growing in volume. The new patterns introduce by interactive multimedia applications such as extracting feature and in pictures to identify the object, calculations, and depth of information, object maintenance all includes and come under the heading of interactive multimedia by which the globe totally depend upon. Before beginning any task a person must decide what the mission to be accomplished is and what the end product should be. In this way the process of creating multimedia application is no different from another task. The first attempt will be likely to “back of the envelop design”. This design process will be much better defined and specific for example user interface design. The design of user interface have primary importance this will affect the user efficiency as well as his satisfaction and understanding of the application. User interface design is well research area and as the result there are many opinions on user interface. THE BENEFITS OF INTERACTIVITY USING IN INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA The learning impact education student generated content can be focus and understood in social constructivist framework mediated by technology. The social element theory emphasis students peer to peer interaction peer teaching and the general role of each student in co-creation and sharing of knowledge. The first is that the essence of constructive learning is student collaboration and sharing that student can learn from each other and teachers often learns more than the students. Basically the best learning theory is the learning from observation as observation is the best way to learn. Hence, multimedia plays a vital role to make students to learn by the help of videos, pictures, 3d images which makes things conceptual and easy to convey a relative or respective message around the globe. Best practices in design and production of multimedia The design and production of multimedia components should fall in later stages of the overall instructional design process. The learning objective should shape the overall flow. Generally speaking cost and technological complexities should be considered in appropriate media. One of the examples is lecture videos. A live lecture video environment will be more familiar to the student because when considering the body language, facial expression and a personality of a character to make student feel much more comfortable and to present in a conceptual manner. The benefits of interactive multimedia also include video solution, animation and simulation and case study. The graphic designers focus the animation of video games. As video games are at peak around the globe. Learning objective totally dedicate the design of these components. The learning objective might be focus on a qualitative assessment of analytical result in which case the visualization needs to focus on graphical representation. Benefit of interaction of multimedia allows students to define their on learning path investigate topics in depth and get immediate feedback from practice and exploring activities. Multimedia application also tends to engage and challenge students thus encouraging them to thing creative and independently. Mobile devices can run rich standalone application as well as distributed server application that access information via web. Multimedia has a potential to create high quality learning environment. The key element of multiple media includes the user control over the delivery of information and interactivity that can be used to enhance the learning process through creating integrated learning environment. Wide range of media elements can be used to convey a given message and user can be study at a time and a place convenient to them. Failure to do so can lead to poorly designed application that does not meet the needs of the learner. Because they found that learners can focus on the dynamic element. For example surfing through video clips rather than getting involve with material. Multimedia enables designer to select from a variety of media element to convey a particular message, whether it is text to display specific information or by images giving any concept or to visualize the video to represent a process. The assessment shows there will be probably and aggressive competition between the platform in order to get developer on the board which will hopefully lead for further opportunities for developers and increase user experience for customers. Therefore the developer should have to choose their preferred platform and develop separate creative up to date applications for each platform and generation that would be using it. By doing this will lead to complicate the work for developers and hence would increase the cost of overall mobile application development that the end users would use. So, this changing in environment, choosing for right platform at right time reveals to be challenging for the developer. CONCLUSION In the end, I would conclude that when higher order cognitive skills improvement is needed. The development of network multimedia applications needs to insure that the learning driven factors are included. Interactive multimedia is quickly becoming the media of choice for learning and information distribution throughout the nation and the globe. Researchers and lecturer should always considered interactive multimedia applications in the presentation of concepts where practicable and applicable and as well as to communicate better like there should be a two way communication process in learning the concept to students using new and unique technologies. A good multimedia program to minimize waste will not only help the environment but also yield such benefits as lower operating cost, less liability, less regulatory burden that will reduce taxes and fees and improve public attitude towards the corporation. Interactive multimedia provides the underlying the tools to design and develop new software. Because of this new innovation and creativity facilitates the links between developers and consumers. Nowadays changing in environment technology with the help of multimedia has played dynamic role to stabilize people life style, thinking and way of communication. According to Deliyannis (2001) have stated the development are so rapid that they even introduce new legislation that need to be resolve. REFERENCES Aberson, C.L., Berger, D.E., Healy, M. R., Kyle, D.J., & Romero, V.L. (2000). Evaluation of an interactive tutorial for teaching the central limit theorem. Teaching of Psychology, 27: 290. Guttormsen S.S., & Krueger, H. (2000). Using new learning technologies with Multimedia. IEEE Multimedia, July-September: 40-51. Oviatt, S. & Cohen, P. (2000). Perceptual User Interfaces: Multimodal Interfaces that Process What Comes Naturally, Commun. ACM 43: 45–53. Schilit, B. N., Adams, N. &Want, R. 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