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Serverless Web Application Architecture Using AWS Project Overview: The customer, an American multinational manufacturing company, sought to build a highly scalable, secure, and cost-effective web application. The company wanted a solution that could efficiently handle dynamic API-driven functionalities while ensuring a seamless user experience. Their core requirements included robust backend services, high availability, and low operational overhead. Challenges: The primary challenges included: ●​ Designing a solution capable of handling dynamic API requests with backend business logic. ●​ Ensuring data persistence and reliability. ●​ Managing scalability for both frontend static content and backend APIs with minimal operational complexity. ●​ Optimizing cost while maintaining high performance and security. Proposed Solution & Architecture: The project involved building a fully serverless web application architecture using Amazon Web Services (AWS) to deliver a highly scalable, secure, and cost-effective solution for a web-based event management platform. The architecture was designed to handle high traffic loads while ensuring fast response times and data integrity. Architecture: Architecture Components: 1.​ Amazon Route 53: Route 53 resolves incoming DNS requests and routes them to AWS CloudFront, ensuring highly available and reliable domain name resolution for the web application. 2.​ Amazon S3: Amazon S3 hosts the static website content, including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the Single Page Application (SPA). CloudFront caches these static assets at edge locations, ensuring quick and efficient delivery to end-users. 3.​ AWS CloudFront: CloudFront serves as the global content delivery network (CDN), distributing both static and dynamic content to users from edge locations. It improves performance for geographically distributed users by caching content closer to them, reducing latency, and providing SSL termination for secure traffic. 4.​ Amazon API Gateway: API Gateway provides the API layer for the application, handling HTTP requests and routing them to the appropriate 5.​ 6.​ 7.​ 8.​ AWS Lambda functions. CloudFront caches API responses, improving performance and reducing the load on API Gateway. AWS Lambda: AWS Lambda handles the backend business logic in a fully serverless manner. Each Lambda function has least-privileged access using IAM roles, ensuring it can only perform necessary operations, enhancing security. Amazon RDS (PostgreSQL): Amazon RDS (PostgreSQL) serves as the persistent data storage layer, storing event and user data. The managed database service ensures high durability, scalability, and availability. AWS X-Ray (Distributed Tracing): AWS X-Ray is enabled for tracing requests across the architecture, providing visibility into service interactions. This helps the development team troubleshoot backend API issues and optimize performance. API Logging & Throttling: API Gateway throttles requests based on predefined patterns to manage traffic spikes. Logs are captured efficiently without overwhelming the log ingestion system, with logging levels controlled dynamically via environment variables. Key Enhancements: ●​ Security: AWS Lambda functions are granted least-privileged access, adhering to security best practices. CloudFront adds an extra layer of security with SSL termination, and it integrates well with AWS security services for enhanced protection. ●​ Performance Optimization: CloudFront’s global edge locations ensure quick response times for both static and dynamic content. Caching API responses reduces the load on API Gateway and backend services, improving performance and cost efficiency. ●​ Cost Optimization: The serverless architecture, coupled with CloudFront caching and dynamic scaling, ensures that costs scale based on actual usage. Unnecessary logs are minimized to reduce storage and ingestion costs. ●​ Troubleshooting: AWS X-Ray provides distributed tracing, helping to quickly identify and resolve any performance bottlenecks or failures within the backend. Conclusion: By leveraging a serverless architecture using AWS CloudFront, Lambda, API Gateway, and S3, the solution achieves scalability, security, and cost-efficiency. The global caching provided by CloudFront enhances the performance for distributed users, while serverless technologies ensure minimal operational overhead, making the architecture highly adaptable to variable traffic loads.